Organize and Collective Bargaining).41The trade union movement did not accept the Act and suggested amendments to the government. The ILO Committee of Experts on the Application of Convention and Recommendation (CEACR) has noted with deep regret that the Labour Act did not contain any improvements in relation to the previous legislation and contained even further restrictions which were contrary to the provisions of ILO conventions. Out of the 7000 garment factories there are 139 unions. And out of 139, only 20-25 are active and there are only 5 collective bargaining agreements. In the whole RMG sector only two unions have been registered in 2008, none in 2009 or 2010 and just one in 2011 whose activities were stayed by the court when employers went to the court.42 The collective bargaining agent shall be entitled to undertake bargaining for materializing the interests of workers. Collective bargaining is limited as there is no legal provision for collective bargaining on a sectoral and national level. In fact, collective bargaining in private enterprise virtually does not exist. The overall coverage of collective agreement is negligible. Chapter XIV deals of settlement of labour disputes. Dispute in any industry is inevitable because of human nature as well as conflict of interest between the employers and the workers. Owing to the nature of poverty stricken, the settlement of dispute between workers and employers either by alternative way or by judicial setups favours the employers undeniably. Moreover, the lack of skilled mediators, conciliators and arbitrators is an impediment towards peaceful settlement of labour disputes. Simultaneously, lawyers in the labour courts are dead against the alternative dispute resolution mechanism as they fear monetary loss. Furthermore, there are seven Labour Courts and one Labour Appellate Tribunal which are insufficient to settle more than 12000 pending labour disputes.43 Section 264 under Chapter XVII has a provision for provident funds for workers in private sector establishments. Every permanent worker after completion of one year of service is entitled to provident funds not less than 7% but not above 8% percent unless otherwise mutually agreed. Significant to note that as per section 270 provident fund is not liable to attachment. 41 Khan, Touhid Hossain, Accumulation and Alienation: State of Labour in Bangladesh, Rashed Al Mahmud Titutmir (Edited), Shaban Prokashani, Dhaka 2013. 42 Bhuiyan, Md. Mofijur Rahman, The State of Decent Work in Bangladesh, The New Age, October 8, 2012 see link < http://www.newagebd.com/detail.php?date=2012-10-08&nid=26252>, accessed on May 23, 2014. 43 Mohiuddin, Alamgir, About 12,000 Pending in the Labour Courts, The New Age, May 1, 2012, see link < http://www.newagebd.com/detail.php?date=2012-05-01&nid=8929#.U4V8gnaNJ5k> accessed on May 20, 2014.

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