10 | Recommendations Key Issues and Concerns Recommendation 1: The Government should replace the current system of mandatory immigration detention with a case-by-case assessment process that takes individual circumstances into consideration. Closed detention should only be used as a last resort in circumstances where all of the following elements are present: a) detention is necessary and proportionate to an immigration purpose (for example, a brief period of immigration detention may be necessary to conduct health, security and identity checks before a visa is granted) b) the person has been individually assessed as posing a risk of absconding or an unacceptable risk to the Australian community, and that risk cannot be managed in a less restrictive way c) the necessity for continued detention is subject to periodic re-evaluation and judicial review, and d) the duration of detention is subject to a maximum time limit. Recommendation 2: The Government should decommission the Hawk and Falcon compounds and replace them with multiple smaller compounds. These compounds should be similar in design to the existing high-security compounds but with modifications to reflect their designation as low-security compounds. Recommendation 3: Until such time as they are decommissioned, Serco and the Department should review the number of officers staffing the Hawk and Falcon compounds with the intention of increasing numbers to respond to the identified safety concerns. Recommendation 4: The Government should reform the search powers available to detention centre staff to allow for targeted personal searches and room searches to be conducted where there is reasonable suspicion that drugs are being concealed. Recommendation 5: The Department and Serco should review its operational instructions, policy guidance and centre staff training with a particular focus on reducing adverse impacts on the privacy and dignity of people subjected to searches. Recommendation 6: The Department and Serco should implement wastewater testing to measure the prevalence of drug use within the centre. Yongah Hill Immigration Detention Centre Inspection Report • 2024 • 65