Statistics from the 2013 survey also recorded that higher rates of disability among Māori link to poorer socio-economic outcomes.31 Key issues include low income, poor housing quality and discrimination. Māori have higher rates of moderate impairments, which relate to environmental factors such as ill health, poor housing, or injury from hazardous occupations. Low rates of educational achievement, employment, and the corresponding low income create disadvantage and poverty that result in lower standards of living for disabled people, poorer health outcomes,32 and risk factors for violence.33 The NZCVS (Cycle 1 2018 and Cycle 2 2019) demonstrates the vulnerability of disabled people, and Māori, who experience higher than average rates of victimisation.34 In 2014, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) released its Concluding Observations on its review of New Zealand which noted:35 8 • Māori disabled children have difficulty in accessing government services, including health and education services; • Māori disabled find it more difficult to access information in their own language; • Māori people have the poorest health outcomes in New Zealand; • The prevalence of disability is higher in the Māori population as a result of poverty and disadvantage; • The employment levels in New Zealand for Māori disabled are still low. Human Rights Commission The Abuse in Care Royal Commission (2020) reports that: a disproportionate number of Māori have also been in both disability and mental health facilities… Māori have higher proportions of disability compared with others in all age groups. Māori have also been consistently overrepresented in admissions to psychiatric institutions since the 1970s. Reports in the 1990s show Māori were not only more likely to be receiving mental health care, but also more likely to be in secure care and subject to compulsory treatment orders.36 Māori have the highest prevalence of mental illness and addiction of any group in Aotearoa.37 Māori make up 34% of Mental Health and Addiction service users,38 are almost twice as likely as non-Māori to experience mental distress39 and have higher rates of suicide.40