6 Addressing Inequality During the Pandemic and Region IV-A are still under investigation. Twelve (12) percent have been resolved and three (3) percent have final investigation reports.9 24 According to the Report on Investigations Related to the Anti-Illegal Drug Campaign (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III and IV-A), a total of 579 incidents from NCR, Region III, and Region IV-A were analyzed. These incidents involve 870 victims, at least 71 of whom are women, and at least 24 were minors. From the 579 incidents analyzed, 451 were alleged operations by law enforcers, 104 were committed by unidentified perpetrators, while the remaining 24 did not have sufficient information as to the circumstances.10 25 In the 451 operations conducted by law enforcers, a total of 705 victims were recorded. Out of these victims, 538 were killed. The other 167 victims had either survived or their conditions are unknown. It was observed that police accounts claim that 466 (out of 705) victims initiated aggression or resisted arrest during such operations. Police records showed that only 2% percent or 11 persons survived the officers’ alleged attempt to quell such aggression or resistance. Police protocols prescribe the employment of necessary and reasonable force only in order to subdue resistance put up by an aggressor. Excessive use of force, especially when law enforcement outnumbers a lone aggressor, could indicate possible abuse of strength and intent to kill.11 26 Across the three regions, only 48% of the case records contained police documents. The denial of access to police documents severely limits the ability of the CHR to determine whether such killings are being investigated and prosecuted by the State. Across the three regions, drug-related killings committed by unidentified perpetrators are also being reported and investigated. The brutal way by which the killings are carried out and the means adopted to foster anonymity contribute to the climate of criminality in the regions. The observable pattern from this class of killings is their brazen method, possibly encouraging repetitions of emboldened attacks.12 27 The report was based on records and reports of the Investigation Office and the Regional Offices collated as of August 2019; and master list of cases from the Investigation Office dated 15 February 2020.13 28 The killings analyzed in the report were considered to be drug-related if the victim or the incident had links to illegal drugs or to the Anti-Illegal Drug Campaign. Out of the 870 total victims in NCR, Region III, and Region IV-A, 743 allegedly had links to the illegal drugs prior to the incident. This makes up more than 85% of the total number of victims. These victims may have more than one type of link to illegal drugs or the illegal drug trade according to the police records. The remaining victims comprising about 15% of the total do not have prior links to illegal drugs or illegal drug trade. However, they 9 Commission on Human Rights. (2021, September). REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE ANTIILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III, and IV-A). 10 Commission on Human Rights. (2021, September). REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE ANTIILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III, and IV-A). 11 Commission on Human Rights. (2021, September). REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE ANTIILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III, and IV-A). 12 Commission on Human Rights. (2021, September). REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE ANTIILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III, and IV-A). 13 Commission on Human Rights. (2021, September). REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS RELATED TO THE ANTIILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN (with Analysis on Regions NCR, III, and IV-A).

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