whether the country is developed (1:10,000), industrialized (1:15,000), developing (1:20,000), or undeveloped (1:40,000).64 In 2017, OSHA launched the “Plan to Enhance Inspection Personnel for Worker Rights Protection.” This plan increased safety and health inspection personnel, with the MOL subsidizing recruiting 134 new inspectors across labor inspection agencies across municipalities. However, labor inspector recruitment remains challenging, and turnover rates are high. The nationwide staffing quota for OSHA labor inspectors is 696, with an employment rate of approximately 85%. 65 For labor inspections, OSHA’s “Plan for Supervising Compliance with Labor Conditions” provides annual subsidies to municipalities and county or city governments to hire 325 labor inspectors.66 Taiwan's total number of central and local labor inspection personnel reached 1,033 as of 2020, resulting in a national inspector-to-worker ratio of approximately 1:11,100—close to the ILO's recommended ratio for developed countries (1:10,000). 67 Safety and health inspections focus on occupational safety, workplace hazard exposure management, and workers' physical and mental health. Inspectors with expertise in electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering, industrial safety management, or medicine primarily conduct these inspections. Meanwhile, labor inspections focus on compliance with labor laws and labor-management relations and are conducted by inspectors proficient in labor law and labor relations expertise. Chiu, Chi-Hsien, “The Professional Division of Occupational Safety and Health and Labor Inspections,” Taiwan Labor Quarterly, Issue 41, March 2015, Leshuo Headlines, pp. 5–7. 65 United Daily News, March 12, 2024, “High Turnover Rate Among National Labor Inspectors: Salary Increase of Up to NT$5,000 Starting in April,” Reporter Yeh Kuan-Yu, Taipei Real-Time News, https://udn.com/news/story/7269/7826603. 66 The Fisheries Agency has hired 60 temporary staff for fisheries labor inspections. Their role is similar to that of the 300+ labor inspectors employed by municipal governments. Based on the total number of 20,257 foreign crew members employed on distant water fishing vessels, the labor inspector-to-worker ratio is approximately 1:337. 67 The total number of labor inspectors employed by central and local governments in Taiwan as of December 2022 was 908, comprising 586 males and 322 females. For more details, refer to Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2022 Labor Inspection Statistics Annual Report: General Overview. 64 70