Table 39: A wife should never hit her husband under any circumstances, by gender Total Male Female Strongly agree 57.31% 60.16% 55.82% Agree 19.62% 12.76% 23.14% Neither agree nor disagree 3.09% 5.21% 1.96% Disagree 11.90% 14.58% 10.52% Strongly disagree 3.00% 2.86% 3.09% RF 0.73% 0.26% 0.98% DK/NA 4.36% 4.17% 4.49% When comparison was made between the two scenarios, the percentage of respondents who believed that a man can hit his wife was higher compared to those who believed that a woman can hit her husband, in all 8 circumstances. The percentage of respondents who believed that a husband can hit his wife if she goes against Islam was higher (26.8%) compared to the percentage of respondents who believed that a wife can hit her husband if he goes against Islam (16.6%) Similarly, respondents who believed that a husband can hit his wife if she disobeys him (12.3%) was more compared to respondents who believed that a woman can hit her husband he disobeys her (4.0%) Table 40: Justification for a married man/woman hitting wife/husband Yes No Yes No She does not complete her housework to his satisfaction 4.54% 89.55% She disobeys him 12.35% She refuses to have sex with him Diff in % He does not complete housework to her satisfaction 0.03% 88.65% 80.74% He disobeys her 3.99% 86.92% 8.36% 7.54% 85.20% He refuses to have sex with her 4.36% 86.47% 3.18% She asks him whether he has other girl‐friends 5.63% 87.65% He asks her whether she has other boy‐friends 3.36% 87.83% 2.27% He suspects that she is unfaithful 6.63% 87.01% She suspects that he is unfaithful 4.00% 86.83% 2.63% He finds out that she has been unfaithful 12.26% 80.11% She finds out that he has been unfaithful 7.17% 83.47% 5.09% She goes against Islam? 26.79% 64.94% He goes against Islam? 16.62% 72.76% 10.17% She beats the children 12.08% 80.47% He beats the children 9.27% 80.93% 2.81% 4.51% A MARRIED MAN/WOMAN CAN REFUSE TO HAVE SEX WITH HIS WIFE/HER HUSBAND Respondents were divided in their stand on whether a married woman can refuse to have sex with her husband if she wants to. While 42.3% of the people said a woman cannot refuse, slightly more people, 47.7% were of the opinion that a married woman has the right to refuse sex. Interestingly, more women were of the opinion that a married woman (47.3%) cannot refuse sex think if she does not feel like it as opposed to men (48.4.0%). Table 41: A married woman cannot refuse to have sex with her husband, by gender Male Female 2005 2011 2019 2005 2011 2019 Yes 68.2% 42.2% 48.44% 59.8% 44.6% 47.27% No 27.9% 44.9% 13.02% 36.1% 49.5% 44.74% RF/DK/NA 3.9% 12.9% 13.54% 4.1% 5.9% 7.99% There were regional differences in the response to this statement where more respondents from outer islands thought a married woman cannot refuse sex with her husband even if she does not feel like it (45.2%) while 37.7% of those from the urban regions subscribed to this viewpoint. People in the 20-29 age group recorded the highest percentile (55.0%) in affirming the stand that married women can refuse sex with her husband if she does not feel like it. There were no significant differences observed between other age groups. The relationship was reversed, and when respondents were asked whether a man can refuse to have sex with his wife if he doesn’t feel like it, more than half of the respondents said he can refuse (54.9%). There was no significant difference between sexes in their opinions. However, there were significant regional disparities. More respondents from urban regions (64.9%) stated that the husband can refuse sex if he does not want to, compared to 48.6% from outer islands. Most of the respondents agreed that a woman can refuse sex with her husband if he is intoxicated (70.2%). No significant differences were observed between sexes in response to the aforementioned. Nevertheless, a higher number of respondents from urban regions (81.8%) compared to outer islands (63.0%), said a woman can refuse sex with an inebriated husband. 35

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