Section 1: Introduction • negative impact on workplace culture • resources associated with responding to complaints, litigation and workers’ compensation • reputational damage. Under the Terms of Reference for the Inquiry the Commission was asked to consider the economic impact of workplace sexual harassment. The Australian Government Department of the Treasury engaged Deloitte Access Economics (Deloitte) to undertake the modelling. Deloitte estimated the total financial cost of workplace sexual harassment to the Australian economy as $3.8 billion, noting that this was likely to be a ’conservative estimate’.30 Lost productivity ($2.6 billion) represented the largest component of the estimated economic cost of workplace sexual harassment, with the largest share of this borne by employers. Together with the non-financial impacts on victims, the very significant economic costs provide a compelling case for investment by governments and employers in preventing and addressing workplace sexual harassment. National Sexual Harassment Research Agenda To address the evidence gaps identified through this Inquiry, a National Sexual Harassment Research Agenda should be developed. 22 The National Sexual Harassment Research Agenda should be guided by, amongst other things, findings of the Commission’s 2018 National Survey, as well as the issues and evidence gaps emerging from this Inquiry, including: • the prevalence and nature of sexual harassment, particularly technology-facilitated sexual harassment • risk factors that lead to greater exposure to sexual harassment for particular population groups, including women, young workers, LGBTQI workers, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander workers, workers with disability, workers from CALD backgrounds, migrant workers or workers on temporary visas, and other vulnerable workers • the prevalence, nature, reporting and impacts of sexual harassment for workers in these population groups • behaviours, characteristics and trends in relation to sexual harassers • risk factors that create an environment in which sexual harassment is more likely to occur in particular workplace settings, arrangements, industries and sectors