Annual Report 2008-2009
measures need to be evolved so that the problem of mal-nutrition/undernourishment is
immediately looked into and eradicated.
•
The Basic Education Department in the Government of Uttar Pradesh should undertake a
survey to assess the needs of students who have been mainstreamed from TECs to Lead
Schools and are desirous of pursuing higher studies after Class VIII. On the basis of this
assessment, Lead Schools from Class IX to Class XII should be started.
Maharashtra
7.30 In terms of area and population, Maharashtra is the second largest State of India after
the State of Uttar Pradesh. Agriculture is the prime occupation in which the major work force
of Maharashtra is engaged. Despite this, the contribution of income from this sector is only 16
per cent whereas the contribution from the secondary and tertiary sector is 73 per cent and 33
per cent respectively.
7.31 As reported by the Special Rapporteur, in the State of Maharashtra, following categories
of working children are to be found — (i) children employed on regular wages in factories,
mines, plantations, shops and commercial establishments, motor transport undertakings and
various other occupations and processes which have been listed in Part A and Part B of the
Schedule attached to Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986. As per the Act, in all
these places, employment of children is legally prohibited. (ii) Children working on piece rate
basis along with their parents and other family members in activities like beedi rolling, its labeling
and packaging; garment making; embroidery work; bindi making; gem polishing, stitching of
soccer balls, making of incense sticks; vadi and papad making. In all such activities, raw materials
are supplied by the contractor and the finished products collected later. In all such activities,
children work in sedentary conditions for long hours to maximize their earnings. (iii) Children
working in agriculture and its allied activities as part of household work, such as collecting
fodder, fuel and water; feeding and grazing the cattle, sheep and goats; rearing poultry and
pigs; transplanting of rice; food processing and discharge of other household work. In all these
activities, it is the girls who are primarily engaged. In comparison, boys are engaged in digging
and ploughing; threshing and harvesting; grazing of cows; and carrying of goods and
commodities for sale in the market. (iv) Children working in the urban informal sector as vendors
and hawkers; porters, rag-pickers, sweepers and shoe-shine boys; helpers in shops, restaurants,
canteens, garages, hosiery units, tanneries and construction sites; and domestic help. (v) Children
accompanying their migrant parents and being pushed to work in the formal or informal sector,
with or without wages at the destination points. Irrespective of the fact whether these children
are employed directly or indirectly, whether they are adequately paid or not; they work under
extremely difficult and hazardous conditions, are vulnerable to dust, smoke, fume, heat, gaseous
and other toxic substances and in the process also become victims of educational deprivation.
7.32 In the absence of any definition on ‘child labour’ in the Child Labour (Prohibition and
Regulation) Act, 1986, there are three different estimates about the number of child labour in
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