44 Maranga Mai! Biculturalism and multiculturalism as a Pākehā monopoly of race Te Tiriti o Waitangi decolonisation and anti-racism recommendations A Pākehā preference to use biculturalism and multiculturalism in policy processes avoids addressing racism and Māori rights under Te Tiriti o Waitangi. Biculturalism assumes Māori and Pākehā are working together. However, because Pākehā dominate policy development and the decision-making process, biculturalism reflects white values, norms and prejudices making biculturalism little more than Pākehā management of Māori, with the added convenience of setting aside Te Tiriti. Similarly, in a modern diverse Aotearoa, multiculturalism allows the system to regard Māori as just one of many cultures white privilege must consider. This allows white decision-makers to hide behind a veil of cultural neutrality where their values, norms and assumptions reinforce prejudice and inequality. Whiteness hides behind multiculturalism and Te Tiriti is set aside. One of many wonderful cultural groups, Māori are no longer the colonised and marginalised with the longest history of racist subjugation in Aotearoa. This historical reality becomes lost in a pile of liberal submissions and papers (Ngata, 2021; HalkyardHarawira, 2021; Smith, 2021). In addition, to Maranga Mai! main recommendations, the following secondary recommendations could be further explored and developed within the National Action Plan Against Racism. See Appendix One for the full list. The over-homogenisation of Māori and Pacific peoples • Develop and embed a Tiriti o Waitangi Anti-Racism Strategy and a Tiriti o Waitangi Decolonisation and Anti-Racism Index. The Pākehā monopoly over inter-cultural relationships also leads to the homogenisation of Māori and Pacific peoples. Treated as if they were the same, based on a shared common Pacific cultural heritage, cultural homogenisation smudges racism by eulogising a mythical identical history (Enari and Haua, 2021, p. 3). True, Māori and Pacific peoples have shared ancestral whakapapa in the Pacific Ocean, but their respective experiences of racism and white supremacy differ in Aotearoa. When the Crown treats Māori and Pacific peoples as the same it removes the right of Indigenous peoples and other people of colour, to self-define who they are. It also ignores the status of tangata whenua in Aotearoa and undermines Te Tiriti o Waitangi. The government could consider the following actions: • Decolonise central and local government and key sectors, including housing, education, health, justice, employment, and work and income to realise tino rangatiratanga for Māori. • Set policies, goals and priorities to eliminate racism across central and local government, and across key sectors, thus improving Māori outcomes. • Strengthen legislation and other standards to regulate, reduce and eliminate racism and white supremacy in all its forms across the government and society. • Support agencies to establish authentic partnerships with tangata whenua. • Include an assessment of the current state of all government agencies’ performance to determine whether each body is fit for purpose to eliminate racism and uphold Te Tiriti and indigenous Māori human rights. • Include an assessment of the medium to long-term impacts of current and proposed government legislation and policies on tangata whenua. • Report on the progress of decolonisation and anti-racism strategy goals in government agency annual reports.