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HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection
1993-2018
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25. What are the stages of HIV infection?
The HIV infection generally progresses through three stages. The 1st
stage of Acute HIV infection which presents with lu like illness and may
last for 2-4 weeks. The 2nd stage is of HIV Inactivity or dormancy. The
patient may not have any symptoms during this phase, which may last
for a decade but some may progress faster. The 3rd stage is of AIDS
(Acquired Immuno-De iciency Syndrome).AIDS is the most severe
currently recognised consequence of HIV (Human Immuno-De iciency
Virus) infection which is characterised by destruction of immune
system, resulting in a series of severe and untimely fatal, opportunistic
infections and malignancies. The signs and symptoms are those of the
presenting illness due to unusual secondary infections. There is no
physical inding which is speci ic to HIV infection. HIV also behaves like
a slow virus infecting central nervous system.
26. After how much time HIV infected patient may develop AIDS?
A person infected with HIV may develop AIDS in a variable time, but
majority takes 5-10 years.
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Whether HIV infection is curable?
Although there is no cure for HIV but with good and continued
adherence to ART (Anti-Retroviral Therapy) the progression of HIV can
be slowed to near halt.
28. Which is the commonest opportunistic infection in HIV?
Tuberculosis remains the most common opportunistic infection in
person infected with HIV.
29. Whether the patient who is suffering from HIV infection may
remain asymptomatic for a long period? Whether AIDS may
present as neurological manifestation?
The patient may remain asymptomatic for months before the disease
becomes evident clinically which poses a great diagnostic and
therapeutic challenge.Involvement of nervous system is common and
serious manifestation of AIDS and may be the sole or earliest
manifestation of HIV infection. Later on multiple organs may be
involved.
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