/fli^«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u jflif{s k|ltj]bg 2061÷62 h;n] ubf{ ckx/0fdf k/]sf JolQmx¿sf] l:ylt kQf nufpg s]xL ;xh ePsf] 5 t/klg ;du|¿kdf ckx/0fn] JolQmsf] hLjg, dfg dof{bf, cfTd ;Ddfg ;d]t rf]6 k'¥ofPsf] 5 . åGåsf sf/0f cfGtl/s¿kdf lj:yfkg ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;+Vof cTolws ¿kdf /x]sf] / pgLx¿sf] clwsf/sf lgldQ st}af6 klg vf;} kxn gx'bfF pgLx?sf] cj:yf gfh's /x]sf] 5 . lj:yflktx¿n] cfkm\gf clwsf/x¿sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu ljleGg dfu /fvL ;DalGwt kIfx¿nfO{ u/fPsf] Wofgfsif{0fdf vf;} ;'gjfO{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . h;n] ubf{ lj:yflktx¿ dWo] klg dlxnf, afnaflns, j[4j[4fsf] l:ylt cem bogLo /x]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf ;/sf/ dfq x}g dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿n] ;d]t oy]i6 Wofg k'ofpg ;s]sf] kfOb}g . ;du| dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf lg/fzfhgs aGg ;Sg] l:yltk|lt ;Da4 ;a} If]]qsf] ;+j]bgzLntf b]lvg' cToGt h¿/L eO;s]sf] 5 . ljutdf h:t} u}//fHo kIfaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f, a[4–a[4f, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, d]nf kj{df uPsf / a;df ofqf ul//x]sf ofq'x¿sf] g[z+; 9+un] xTof ug]{, ckx/0f ug]{, cË eË ug]{ Pjd\ anhkm\tL rGbf c;'n ug]{ h:tf 36gfx¿ bf]xf]l/g glbg tkm{ ;a} ;r]t x'g' kb{5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg Pjd\ kl/kfngftkm{ JoQm k|lta4tf OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy sfof{Gjog ul/g' kb{5 / JolQmsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ s'g} klg axfgfdf xgg ul/g' x'Fb}g eGg] wf/0ffdf ;a}sf] k|lta4tfsf] ckl/xfo{tf dx;'; ePsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf] ljifodf åGåsf] sf/0f gful/s / /fhg}lts clwsf/sf] ljifox¿n] k|d'vtf kfPsf] t/ dlxnfsf clwsf/, blnt, ckf+u,sd}of, e"ldxLg ls;fg, lk58jf ju{, nf]kf]Gd"v hghflt ljifo, h]i7 gful/s / lj:yflkt JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ nufot cGo cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs clwsf/sf] ljifodf ;DalGwt kIfx¿n] Wofg lbPsf 5}gg\ . To;}u/L cfof]un] ;d]t oL ljifox¿df o]y]i6 cfjfh p7fpg g;s]sfn] cfem]ndf k/]sf 5g\ . t;y{ cfof]un] cfufdL lbgdf oL ljifox¿nfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{ vfFrf] /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] åGåsf] zflGtk"0f{ ¿kfGt/0fdf cfkm\gf] e"ldsf ;zQm agfpg] qmddf ljleGg kxnx¿ u/L /x]sf] 5 . zflGt jftf{df dfgj clwsf/nfO{ k|d'v Ph]G8f agfpg' kb{5 / o;sf nflu ljleGg ;d"xx¿ h:t}– /fhg}lts bnx¿, ;/sf/, gful/s ;dfh Pjd\ ljb|f]xL kIfsf] ;+j]bgzLntf cfjZos kg]{ s'/fnfO{ dgg u/L cfof]un] cfof]hgf u/]sf] zflGt ;Dd]ngdf dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo pRrfo'Qm n'O; cfj{/n] cfof]usf]] zflGt k|of;df v]Ng] e"ldsfnfO{ ;xof]u pknAw x'g] hgfpg' ePsf]] lyof] . åGå/t kIfx¿n] dfgj clwsf/ tyf dfgjLo sfg'g kl/kfng ug{sf nflu rflng' kg]{ Go"gtd sbdx¿k|lt O{dfGbf/ eO{ ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{ ;s]df dfq dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f sfo{df ;xof]u ldNg k'Ug] b]lvG5 . ljZjdf ePsf cfGtl/s åGå Pjd\ To;sf ;dfwfgsf nflu ePsf k|of; Pjd\ cg'ejx¿nfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ ub}{ ;a} If]qaf6 ;+j]bgzLn eO{ bjfj ;[hgf ub}{ ul/aL, clzIff, hftLo pTkL8g, lje]b h:tf åGåsf d"n h/fx¿nfO{ klxrfg u/L zflGtk"0f{ dfWodåf/f pko'Qm lgsf; lgsfNg ;s]df dfq hgtfsf gful/s tyf /fhg}lts clwsf/ Pjd\ cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"ltsf] lbzfdf 7f]; k|ult xfl;n x'g ;Sb5 . 3