6. No method of interrogation should be employed that impairs a person’s capacity of decision-making or judgement. Save in exceptional circumstances, no interrogation should take place at night. 7. All interrogations should be conducted in an age and gender appropriate manner and take into account any other relevant characteristics of an interrogated person including, for example, religion, ethnicity, medical needs, intellectual disability, mental illness, personality disorder or any other vulnerability. 8. A person under the age of 18 who is suspected of involvement in any offence should not be questioned without an adult of their choice present. 9. At the time of any arrest or detention (and before any interrogation) a person should be given the right to undergo a medical examination by a competent and impartial medical practitioner in order to provide a point of reference as to their condition before the commencement of any interrogation. The time and findings of the medical examination should be recorded. 10. An individual for whom the language of interrogation is not his or her first language or who is deaf, should always (and before any interrogation) be informed of his or her right to have a competent and impartial interpreter for any interrogation. 11. If there are any issues about the person’s understanding of his or her rights or of the interrogation process or of any questions asked, an interpreter should be provided, whether requested by the person being interrogated or not. Interpreters should also be available in detention facilities so that a person’s basic needs can be communicated. 12. Before any interrogation commences, the interrogated person should be informed (in a manner that is understandable to him or her) of the reason for the interrogation and any charges against him or her. 21