stipulating US$420 for 8 hours a day and 6 days a week of work but that, at the airport right before leaving, they were forced by their respective recruitment agencies to sign new contracts with US$300 for 12 hours a day and 6 days a week ofwork. The OFWs also complained that when they sought help from the Labor Attache and Welfare Offrcer assigned in Libya these merely defended the substitute contracts, even during meetings with representatives of trzls CIFIX World. Violations of women's rights. The NSO's October 2008 SOF found that 48.3%o of the 2.0 million overseas workers were female and 51.7o/o male, continuing the slight shift in recent years from the strong female bias of the decade and a halfsince the 1990s. Beyond the absolute numbers however are the very specific wlnerabilities that Filipina migrants face because they are women - experiencing sexual discrimination - and also specifically in the sorts of work where they tend to predominate. This is especially the case when women migrate for work that is in line with their traditionally-defined reproductive roles in society. Those working as domestic household and entertainers for instance are especially vulnerable to sexual violence, abuse and exploitation by the dispersed, isolated and private context of their work. The problem is particularly marked in cases of sexual violence which women find difficult enough to pursue as it is because of their sensitive nature. This difficulty however is greatly compounded when they occur in foreign contexts and absent a significant and meaningful Philippine government support mechanism. Women also suffer low wages. For instance in Singapore, salaries are low for domestic helpers and related household workers (US$282-US$440 per month). In Malaysia salaries are low for the female-dominated jobs as domestic helpers and related household workers (US$200-US$402 per month), charworkers, cleaners and related workers (LfS$230), salespersons, shop assistants and demonstrators (US$230-US$271), and housekeeping and related service workers (US$215-US$286). It is also well-reported that in many countries domestic workers work under conditions of virtual slavery and forced labor, such as in Saudi Arabia which is ironically 32