• initiatives which aim to give better effect to cultural expertise and the principle of self determination. Examples of this approach are Ka Hikitia – Managing for Success: The Māori Education Strategy 2008-2012 and the introduction of ten marae-based courts and two Pasifika courts for Māori and Pacific young people involved in the youth justice system. 9. Challenges remain, however, to fully realising human rights for everyone in New Zealand. Two major earthquakes and numerous aftershocks struck the Canterbury region in September 2010 and February 2011. The earthquakes resulted in significant loss of life and destruction of homes, businesses, communityxi and city infrastructure. The State has invested a large amount of resources and efforts in the Canterbury earthquake recovery process. However, significant issues have emerged relating to rights to property, health, housing and participation by affected people in decision making. The secondary stressors of community dislocation, financial distress, insurance issues being unresolved and poor or insecure housing are resulting in high levels of psychosocial harm. The Canterbury earthquake recovery process has brought renewed attention to a number of enduring human rights challenges for New Zealand and highlighted the fragility of some human rights protections. 10. The earthquake recovery has clearly shown the importance of private sector actors respecting the rights of affected people. Health and housing, for example are two areas of post-natural disaster recovery where businesses may find themselves in breach of human rights law standards. The Commission urges the Government to commit to ensuring that all businesses operating or registered in New Zealand understand and apply the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (the Ruggie Principles) in all their activities. 11. The Commission has been designated the responsibility to periodically develop a National Plan of Action for Human Rights (NPA) for the promotion and protection of human rights in New Zealand, in consultation with interested parties. The Government has agreed to work with the Commission to develop New Zealand’s second NPA. It is intended that the NPA will be developed as a follow on from, and be directly informed by, New Zealand’s second UPR. As noted by CESCR in 2012, it should also take into account the concluding observations from treaty bodies.xii 12. The Commission recommends that the HRC note the government’s commitment to work with the Commission as well as with non-governmental organizations and other members of civil society to develop and actively monitor and implement New Zealand’s second NPA.xiii D. Background and Framework Page 23 of 35