17 Thirdly, although North Korean refugee women experience, for the first time, a minimal amount of human rights protection once they have made their way out of China or other countries of sojourn and they enter the space of South Korea, problems with a human rights dimension are still bound to arise. Even though these women receive some adaptation education to facilitate their resettlement through a resettlement support system at Hanawon and other institutions, adapting to life in South Korean society is not an easy task. Thus, throughout their adaptation process and in their daily lives in South Korea, it remains difficult for North Korean refugee women to fully escape experiences of human rights violations. None of the existing research referred to above has, until now, studied these three spaces in sequential order. Research that deals with all these three spaces, as has been attempted in this report, will be able to produce more systematic research findings on the social structure of human rights abuses and the kind of interpersonal relationships North Korean refugee women experience when sequentially moving through changing spaces of human rights violations; what psychological traumas they suffer as a consequence of these experiences, and how they develop a psychological constitution rendering them vulnerable to human rights violations; and what support is required to prevent human rights violations against women who have resettled in South Korean society and to overcome their psychological traumas, etc. 2. Policy proposals or means analysis in existing research Existing research on human rights issues relating to North Korean refugees shows a proclivity to put forward political measures as part of their analysis of the reality of human rights abuses. Certainly, there are also many studies that do not proceed to the level of political propositions given the overall focus on fact-finding. In the following, however, we concentrate on research that includes political proposals and inquire into the direction of these.