In the context of ensuring a safe environment for human rights defenders’ activism, the Commission submitted an amicus curiae to the Chairperson of the East Jakarta District Court which tried Haris Azhar and Fatia Maulidiyanti. The Commission’s amicus curiae stated: 1. Haris Azhar and Fatia Maulidiyanti are Human Rights Defenders; 2. Each of their activities is recognized and protected based on provisions (1) Article 100, Article 101, Article 102 and Article 103 of the Human Rights Law; and (2) Article 66 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. Based on the amicus curiae, Komnas HAM RI urged the Panel of Judges at the East Jakarta District Court to acquit Haris Azhar and Fatia Maulidiyanti because their activism did not qualify as a crime of defamation. Submission of an amicus curiae, apart from being a manifestation of the Commission’s response to a case, aims to remind the court of the important role of providing protection for the activism of human rights defenders and being friendly towards human rights. The legal considerations of the judges at the East Jakarta District Court are in line with Komnas HAM’s amicus curiae, namely the idea that a person cannot be tried (Cogitationis Poenam Nemo Patitur). The Commission also monitors the case of criminalization of the Tobe- lo Indigenous Community. Based on monitoring, it is strongly suspected that there was torture carried out by members of the East Halmahera Police in the form of beatings during the arrest and the requests for information. It is also strongly suspected that the Tobelo Indigenous People’s confession of involvement in the alleged murder was delivered under pressure from the authorities. As a follow-up, the Commission submitted an amicus curiae in the trial of the case of criminalization of the Tobelo Indigenous Community at the North Maluku Soasio District Court. Furthermore, Komnas HAM RI collaborated with LPSK and Komnas Perempuan. This collaboration took the form of signing a Memorandum of Understanding on a Rapid Response Mechanism for the Protection and Security of Human Rights Defenders. The development of this rapid response mechanism is part of the Commission’s efforts to ensure that human rights defenders can work in a safe environment. The development of a safe environment for Human Rights Defenders was strengthened again through the signing of a Joint Understanding on Handling Human Rights Protection for Human Rights Defenders between the Commission and the Sajogyo Institute (SAINS). H. Monitoring the Global Migration Flows in Human Rights Corridors in Efforts to Provide Protection for Marginalized and Vulnerable Groups Responding To New Challenges: Respecting, Protection, And Fulfillment Of Human Rights In 2023 37