The existence of corporations as non-state actors raises new human rights challenges that need to be addressed by Komnas HAM. In this regard, a number of Komnas HAM activities are intended as part of the Reflection on the Enforcement and Promotion of Human Rights during 2023. This activity culminates in an effort to investigate the human rights impacts caused by corporations which in- H. The Challenges of Human Rights Literacy for the State Actors and the Non-State Actors Technological progress raises fundamental questions regarding the relevance of human rights to overcome technological progress. When technological innovation interacts with human rights, as an implication, new rights emerge. This situation requires a radical reinterpretation because existing human rights instruments are no longer sufficient to provide protection due to technological advances. Komnas HAM has an important role in ensuring that every corporation that develops technology is based on human interests and human rights and that they have a strategy to mitigate human rights impacts caused by the use of new technology. Since 2020, Komnas HAM RI has realized that there is a need for a special mechanism to protect against attacks and threats against Human Rights De- fluence the enforcement and promotion of human rights in Indonesia, including the impact on indigenous communities and human rights defenders. fenders which are now starting to penetrate the digital realm. Furthermore, in 2022 the Commission issued a recommendation to the government and DPR RI to review the Draft Law (RUU) on Amendments to the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law). This recommendation was issued after the Commission conducted a study of 108 complaints related to the implementation of the ITE Law during 2016-2021. Then, in 2023 Komnas HAM RI formed a Cyber Incident Response Team or Computer Security Incident Response Team (KOMNAS HAM-CSIRT). The formation of this team is an effort to ward off potential cyber-attacks on data and information about human rights. Furthermore, the Commission through the issuance of the SNP on Business and Human Rights accentuates the responsibility of corporations in the sector of information and communications technology to increase their commitment to carrying out human rights due diligence. Responding To New Challenges: Respecting, Protection, And Fulfillment Of Human Rights In 2023 11