TABLE OF CONTENT FOREWORD V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VII TABLE OF CONTENT X LIST OF TABLES XIII LIST OF FIGURES XVII x CHAPTER 1 1.1. INTRODUCTION: THE DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL AND NATIONAL CONTEXT AND THE NEW HUMAN RIGHT CHALLENGES 1.2. THE GLOBAL DYNAMICS AND THE NEW CHALLENGES TOWARDS THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS 2 THE EXISTENCE OF KOMNAS HAM IN UNDERSTANDING THE NEW HUMAN RIGHTS CHALLENGES 3 A. THE ENFORCEMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE POLITICAL YEAR 5 B. THE SHRINKING OF CIVIL LIBERTIES SPACE AND THE THREATS TO CIVIL LIBERTIES IN FIGHTING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 5 C. THE COMPLEXITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS PROBLEMS IN PAPUA 6 D. PUBLIC COMPLAINTS RELATED TO THE RIGHT TO WELFARE 7 E. DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT THAT THREATEN HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 8 F. JUSTICE FOR THE VICTIMS OF GROSS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS 9 G. REFLECTIONS ON THE ENFORCEMENT AND PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS 10 H. THE CHALLENGES OF HUMAN RIGHTS LITERACY FOR THE STATE ACTORS AND THE NON-STATE ACTORS 11 I. THE CHALLENGES IN FULFILLMENT, RESPECT AND PROTECTION OF DISABILITY RIGHTS. 12 J. THE GLOBAL CHALLENGES AND THEIR IMPACT ON HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS OF VULNERABLE GROUPS 13 K. THE RECONSOLIDATION OF IDEAS AND THE STRENGTHENING OF INSTITUTIONS 14 The Annual Report Of The National Human Rights Commission Of The Republic Of Indonesia (Komnas Ham RI) 2023