@# cf}F jflif{s k|ltj]bg÷cf=j= @)&(÷)*)
ug{ kfPsf] cfof]usf]] cg'udg k|ltj]bgx¿ k|fKt x'g cfPsf 5g\ .5 k|ltlglw;efsf k|ToIf !^%,
;dfg'kfltstkm{sf !!) / k|b]z;efsf ##) hgf ;b:ox¿sf] kbsf nflu dlxnf **$&%&(, k'?if
(!$)*)^ / cGo !*% u/L hDdf !&(**%&) dtbftf /x]sf]df6 ==== hgf dtbftfx¿n] dtflwsf/
k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . lj=;= @)&( j}zfv #) ut] ;DkGg :yfgLo lgjf{rgdf @=$ k|ltzt dt
ab/ ePsf]df To;sf] 5 dlxgfkl5 ;DkGg cfd lgjf{rgdf %=)^ k|ltzt dt ab/ ePsf] b]lvG5 .
o; k6ssf] lgjf{rgdf sf/fuf/df /x]sf s}bLaGbLx¿n] klxnf] k6s ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnLdf
efu lng kfP klg ;dod} ljj/0f ;ª\sng ug{ g;Sbf ;a} s}bLaGbLx¿n] ;xeflutf hgfpg gkfPsf],
s]xL lhNnfx¿df s}bLaGbLx¿sf nflu dtbftf lzIff;d]t gePsf] sf/0f dtbfg k|ls|ofnufotsf
ljifodf cGof}ntf /x]sf] kfOof] .7 :jf:Yo ;]jfsf sd{rf/Lx¿ lgjf{rgdf v6fOFbf :jf:Yo;]jf
;'rf¿ x'g g;sL cfsl:ds :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 gful/sx¿ jl~rt /x]sf], j}b]lzs /f]hfuf/Ldf /x]sf
JolStnfO{ lgjf{rg k|ls|ofdf ;d]6\g g;lsPsf], ;a} dtbfg s]Gb|x¿ ckfª\utfd}qL gePsf], k|fo
dtbfg s]Gb|x¿ ljBfnox¿df /flvFbf lgjf{rgsf] lbgeGbf b'O{ lbgcl3 b]lv g} cWoog÷cWofkg
sfo{ k|efljt ePsf], dtbfg s]Gb|x¿ kxF'rof]Uo gePsf] nufotsf ;d:ofx¿ cfof]un] u/]sf]
cg'udgaf6 kfOPsf 5g\ .
ljutsf lgjf{rgsf] t'ngfdf o; k6ssf] lgjf{rgdf clwsfFz /fhgLlts bnx¿af6 lgjf{rg;DaGwL
cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf ePsf] tyf ef]het]/ / cfly{s k|efjnufotsf sfo{x¿ Go"g dfqfdf ePsf]
kfOPsf] 5 . lgjf{rgsf] k|rf/k|;f/sf] qmddf bnx¿n] afnaflnsf] k|ToIf k|of]u gu/] klg ;f+:s[lts
sfo{qmd, k|rf/sf] nflu lgld{t lel8of] / l6s6sh:tf ;dflhs ;~rfnx¿df afnaflnsf /
ljBfno kl/;/ g} k|of]u ug]{ h:tf sfo{x¿ ePsf] cg'udgaf6 b]lvPsf] 5 . k|fKt tYofª\scg';f/
o:tf ls|ofsnfkx¿ &@ lhNnfdf !!# k6s ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . h;df g]skf -Pdfn]_–n] ;a}eGbf
a9L afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u u/]sf] -#@=@*Ü_, bf];|f]df g]kfnL sfª\u|]; -!*=!!Ü_ / t];|f]df g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ -!!=*!Ü_ /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .8 lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf tyf afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g,
@)&% sf] ^^ -@_ -5_ n] afnaflnsfnfO{ /fhgLlts k|of]hgsf nflu ;ª\ul7t ug]{ jf x8\tfn,
aGb, rSsfhfd wgf{ jf h'n';df k|of]u ug]{h:tf sfo{nfO{ afnlx+;f dfgL b08gLo agfPsf] eP klg
k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx¿af6 g} afnclwsf/sf] xgg\ eO/x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
5
cfof]un] ;+a}wflgs sfof{b]zadf]lhd $@ 6f]nLn] ^& lhNnfx¿df lgjf{rgk"j{, lgjf{rg cjlw / lgjf{rgkZrft\sf] cj:yf
dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 cg'udg u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ kf/]sf] 5 .
6 lgjf{rg cfof]usf] tYofª\s
7 ;f]n'v'Da' / cf]vn9'ª\uf lhNnfsf] lgjf{rg cg'udg 6f]nLsf] k|ltj]bg
8 cfof]usf] k|ltlglw tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rg–@)&( dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ;DaGwL cg'udg k|ltj]bg
47