Ⅰ. Guaranteeing the Fundamental Human Freedoms: 1. Right to Life and Personal Liberty D) Urging Efforts to Protect the Japanese Military ‘Comfort Women’ The illegal acts against the Japanese military ‘comfort women’ by the Japanese government and the military are the violations of international human rights laws and international customs applicable to the Japanese at the time, such as the 1907 Hague Convention IV, the International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children (1921), 1926 Slavery Convention, ILO Forced Labor Convention (1930), etc. The UN recommended the Japanese government to fulfill the legal liabilities for the Japanese military ‘comfort women’ issues, through Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), Committee Against Torture (CAT) and the Human Rights Committee (HRC). At the UN Human Rights Council on May 30, 2008, a report of the working group on the Universal Periodic Review (A/HRC/8/44) that includes recommendations and questions from various countries on the issue of the Japanese military ‘comfort women’ was adopted. Also at the Universal Periodic Review of Japan on Oct. 22, 2012, representatives from South Korea, North Korea, China, Netherlands, Costa Rica, East Timor, Belarus, Malaysia, etc. recommended apologies and compensation to the Japanese military ‘comfort women,’ and urged the related education, etc. Moreover, resolutions on the Japanese military ‘comfort women’ issue have been adopted by the US, the Netherlands, Canada and EU, etc., and the Korean National Assembly also adopted the resolution in 2008 and 2012. Additionally, the 2000 International Women’s War Crimes Tribunal on Japan’s Military Sexual Slavery, held in Tokyo, Japan, (citizens court participated by 10 countries), International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) report, Radhika Coomaraswamy report, Gay J. McDougall report, etc. clearly stipulated the Japanese military ‘comfort women’ as having violated the international laws and presented legal resolutions. 33