40. This is in addition to a rise in the percentage of persons suffering from non-communicable diseases which include cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and other illnesses due to unhealthy patterns of living. Actually, those diseases have become a risk threatening health given that they are a major cause of death, and they also represent an economic burden on states given the prolonged and costly periods of treatment, in addition to the fact that they negatively affect the productivity of the individual and the progress and development of society. Moreover, there is the continual funding by the State of health services in the shadow of an exponential rise in the costs of health services, which highlights the need for bolstering partnership and achieving actual integration in health services between the public and private sectors. 41. Accordingly, the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain has introduced a bill before the legislative authority concerning “health insurance” and it is hoped that it will take effect at the outset of 2018. The concept of this law is to oblige all the citizens and residents to pay token monthly subscriptions in return for receiving primary health care services at public and private centres and hospitals, whereby any person will have the right to choose the centre or hospital in which he wishes to receive medical services, whether affiliated to the public or private sector. 42. Moreover, the Bill obliges the visitors of the Kingdom of Bahrain to insurance fees alongside the visa which provides them with coverage for only emergency accidents or severe cases, and the Bill gave due regard to cases of needy persons whereby they will be exempted from paying the fees, and the Bill will include the establishment of an independent official institution to be named the (Security Fund), and the Fund will be responsible for collecting the subscriptions and purchasing the basic health services for Bahrainis and non-Bahrainis from the service providers. Moreover, it is intended for the (Security Fund) to offers its services within two groups: the first is for the citizens and the second is for the residents and visitors, and the activity of the Fund will be subject to the supervision and evaluation of the Higher Council of Health. 43. It is the view of the National Institution that the concept of the Bill is anchored in creating a spirit of competition between the health centres (clinics) for purposes of providing the finest services in conjunction with private hospitals, and its significance emanates from the substantial challenges facing the health services in the entire globe to which allusion was made, and most importantly providing a good standard of health services of costs borne by the individual and society jointly to avoid forcing individuals to pay large sums which they cannot bear, such in the shadow of the continuing rise in the costs of health services due to the rapid developments in medical techniques and the spiralling prices of medicines and medical supplies. 44. Moreover, the National Institution followed up on the issuance of the Decision of the Ministry of Health Number (2) of 2017 concerning the fees of health services for non-Bahrainis, based upon which it was decided for the fees for examining patients from among residents other than the employees of the Bahraini Government and their families, and among those who are not subscribers to the basic healthcare system for the workers of installations of the Ministry of Health, to be seven Dinars for medical dental check-up only, such for each visit to the centres of the Ministry of Health 90