Section I: Role of Human Rights Advocates in the Field of Promoting and Protecting Human Rights 1. The movement of the human rights activists is considered a part of a global movement aiming to monitor the human rights and basic freedoms situation and to also monitor the violations that take place in this regard with a view to remedy them or to prevent their occurrence, alongside developing and improving the performance of laws in force and official practices in a manner compatible with relevant international instruments and standards in the human rights field, and which assures that all the rights and basic freedoms are immune from infraction. 2. The human rights advocates are known through the work that they perform and not by their professions or job description or the organization for which they work, where it would be possible for them to be among the community leaders, journalists, lawyers, union members, students or the members of organizations operating in the human rights field. 3. The nature of the activity of the human rights advocates could depend on the type of activity and the practice or measures which they wish to resist or tackle, or the nature of what concerns them based on their professional position as relates to the nature of what they try to prevent or resist. Thus among the human rights activists there are those that gather and publish information about human rights violations, such as journalists, researchers, and bloggers, and among them could be those that defend democratic accountability and strive to circumscribe administrative and financial corruptions and the abuse of authority. 4. And among them could be those who defend the victims of human rights violations guaranteed by international regional and national instruments and conventions, most importantly civil and political rights, where some human rights advocates could tackle certain human rights violations exclusively, mistreatment or inhuman or degrading treatment, while others are active in defending the rights of particular groups or segments within a population which are subject to discrimination or deprivation, such as native inhabitants groups, ethnic or religious minorities, women and children, and there are among those advocates who are of the view that their mission lies solely in promoting human rights and entrenching their values, and spreading awareness about them among the public, and guiding them towards the means for availing of them in actual reality. 5. Notwithstanding such diversity, there exist common features for the human rights advocates, for all of them adhere to a fundamental principle represented in the universality of rights and their comprehensiveness, and in essence the fact that all people are equal in dignity and rights, irrespective of their racial origin, ethnicity, nationality or other characteristics. Moreover, all the advocates of human rights commit within the context of their activities to respect the rights and freedoms of others. 6. The UN Declaration on Human Rights Defenders8 elucidates the rights related to the activities of the human rights advocates in particular, and the responsibilities on the shoulders of states in 8 This is an international instrument related to the right to defend human rights, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly by virtue of General Assembly Resolution Number (53/144(dated 10 December 1998. 64