defence is a function of the armed forces, as it considers them to be two substantially different institutions in so far as the purposes for which they are created and their training and preparation are concerned. It is thus advised to avoid the intervention of the armed forces in matters of internal security since it carries a risk of human rights violations. 14. Authorities must ensure the availability of effective channels of communication for assembly organizers. Law enforcement officials must conduct sufficient outreach prior to assemblies taking place. They should contact any known assembly organizers in advance to learn more about how the organizers plan to conduct the assembly. Such outreach measures help establish trust and ensure no unexpected events at a later stage. 15. It is recommended for Law enforcement officials to designate a person or team to liaise with the organizers before and during the assembly. The relevant contact details of the police contact point should be widely advertised. That person or team should serve as a contact point and should not conduct other policing tasks, such as intelligence gathering, that could potentially restrict or affect the rights of the organizers or protesters and fuel mistrust. 16. Law enforcement officials should make every effort to reach a mutual agreement with the organizers of an assembly on the time, place, and manner of the event. Mediation procedures may be helpful to ensure that such dialogue results in a solution acceptable to all parties. 17. In the event the protesters refuse to comply with the orders of the police not to hold the demonstration in an unauthorized area but do not engage in acts of violence, the forceful intervention by the police officers is disproportionate and unnecessary to prevent disorder. 18. The authorities must take reasonable and appropriate measures to facilitate assemblies that are convened at short notice or in response to an urgent or emerging situation, including spontaneous assemblies and non-notified assemblies, as long as they are peaceful in intent and execution. A decision to ban assemblies solely because of the absence of the requisite prior notice, without any illegal conduct by the participants’ amounts to a disproportionate restriction of freedom of peaceful assembly. 24