III. A World That Protects Labor 1. Protecting the Right to Labor A. Human Rights Status 2022 Article 32(1) & (2) of the Constitution stipulate that “all citizens shall have the right to work,” and that “all citizens shall have the duty to work.” Labor or work511) can be seen as both a duty and a right as a citizen of Korea. Moreover, the Constitution stipulates that the standards of working conditions must guarantee human dignity, that the labor of women and minors requires special protection, and that workers are guaranteed the right to organize, collective bargaining, and collective action. However, in order for labor rights to be safely guaranteed, it is necessary to go beyond individual efforts and enact legislation by the state and society. The 2021 NHRCK: The Report on Human Rights Situation in the Republic of Korea reviewed ‘Enactment and Limitations of Serious Accidents Punishment Act,’ ‘Ratification of the ILO’s Core Conventions and Limitations on Amending the Labor Laws,’ ‘Platform Workers and Legal Blind Spots,’ and ‘Outsourcing the Risks and Repeated Industrial Accidents of Contract Workers’ as part of the changes and limitations of labor laws. The legal and institutional problems pointed out as limitations in 2021 became concrete in 2022, as a matter of protection of specially employed workers, subcontract workers, and policies to eradicate industrial accidents. 511) The new curriculum announced by the Ministry of Education on Nov. 9, 2022 was controversial for the use of the terms ‘worker’ and ‘laborer.’ There seems to be a need for sufficient discussion with the educational community, including researchers, on which term to use. However, since the dictionary and legal meanings of both are virtually the same, this report will use both terms interchangeably. 212