Juvenile crime policies based on strict punishment and retribution, such as lowering the age of criminal minors, have no significant effect on preventing juvenile crimes and recidivism. The US and Japan have lowered the age of criminal responsibility and strengthened the punishment in the wake of violent juvenile crimes, but the juvenile crimes have not decreased. Korea also revised the law in 2007 to lower the age limit of law breaching minors from 12 to 10 so that those who were previously not subjected to criminal punishment or protective disposition are subjected to protective disposition. However, despite such hardline responses, policy effects, such as prevention of juvenile delinquencies and prevention of recidivism have not been confirmed. Excluding the strict juvenile crime policies, alternatives to prevent juvenile crime and recidivism include the expansion of correctional facilities, juvenile classification judges, juvenile detention centers and juvenile prisons, expansion of the number of probation officers in charge of juveniles, diversification of temporary measures, and improving the correctional programs, and establishing measures to strengthen victim protection. In the long term, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive research on the complexity and diversity of causes of juvenile delinquencies, developmental characteristics of children, and environmental factors surrounding children, such as individual, family, and school, and analyze the problems with the current juvenile justice system to respond to juvenile crimes in an integrated manner. 128