According to the MOJ’s “Monthly Report on Immigration Policy for Dec. 2022,” the status of refugees recognized by nationality and related media reports,222) etc. no person (Ukrainian, Russian) has been recognized as a refugee from the Russia-Ukraine War in Korea in 2022. Even if you look at the cases of Jeju Yemenis in 2018,223) which have recently received a lot of attention in Korean society, and Afghans in 2021,224) there are very few cases that have been recognized as refugees, and most of them were granted humanitarian stay permits225) or special contributor226) status. Many criticisms have been raised against these cases. First is the issue of protecting the displaced people (‘war refugees’). Refugees today arise en masse through armed conflicts rather than individually through political persecution, etc. The definition of refugee under international human rights laws has limitations in protecting the displaced people from war or armed conflict (civil war, etc.). Accordingly, there is a conflict between the view that protecting them is necessary from a humanitarian perspective and Korea's status in the international community, and the view that it is necessary to discuss the social cost associated with accommodating them, and similar discussions appear in other countries around the world. Second, even when the displaced people are accommodated, their status and protection methods become a problem. Most of the Ukrainians who fled to Korea this time are single-parent families consisting of a mother and her children, and it is expected that they will experience great difficulties in child-rearing, employment, and daily life due to 222) Segye Ilbo, Of 537 Russian Refugee Applicants, 0 Recognized, Oct. 19, 2022, Kyeonggi Ilbo, [Refugees’ First Winter in a Foreign Country] No program to support them in Korea, Dec. 6, 2022. 223) As the civil war in Yemen prolonged, about 500 Yemenis who entered Jeju Island between 2016 and 2018 applied for refugee status 224) As Taliban occupied the capital Kabul in 2021, Afghans who cooperated with Korea entered the country as “special contributors,” see ‘2021 NHRCK, Report on the Human Rights Situation in Korea’ 225) If recognized as a refugee, various rights are guaranteed in terms of basic living, education, academic background, and recognition of qualifications, including receiving the same level of social security as citizens. In addition, the Refugee Act stipulates that foreigners who do not meet the refugee requirements but who have received permission to stay as ‘a person who has reasonable grounds to believe that his/her life or personal freedom may be significantly infringed upon due to inhumane treatment or punishment such as torture or other circumstances’ defined as a humanitarian sojourner, and forced repatriation against the person's will is prohibited. 226) Regarding the Afghan civil war, the Korean government in 2021 repatriated Afghans who cooperated with Korea as “special contributors” and granted residence status, and see the discussion under section ‘Entry of Afghan Refugees and Limitations on the Supporting Process’ in ‘2021 NHRCK, Report on the Human Rights Situation in Korea’ 91