National Institution for Human Rights – Kingdom of Bahrain 11. In addition, NIHR provides advice on judicial procedures by monitoring these procedures to ensure compliance with the international standards during investigation and trial. This is accomplished through monitoring the substantial defences and requests during the investigation, such as exercising physical or mental coercion, breaching the guarantees of the accused and the public prosecutor provision of these guarantees, unjustified delay of trials, availability of constitutional and legal guarantees during the trial, or any other actions that may violate the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and addressing these actions by making recommendations to the competent judicial authority. 12. According to its strategy and action plan, NIHR prepares or contributes to the international reports. The Institution prepares the corresponding reports in line with the international conventions that oblige the states parties to submit regular reports to the committees established under these conventions to oversee their implementation. Among the most important treaties that require preparing reports are: the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination; the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women; the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; the Convention on the Rights of the Child; the International Convention for the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families; the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; and the International Convention for the Protection of Persons from Enforced Disappearances. In collaboration with official bodies, NIHR contributes in the preparation of national reports pursuant to the agreements related to human rights. 13. For the purpose of protection of human rights, NIHR offers - in addition to the above – the service of receiving complaints and monitoring human rights violations. NIHR receives complaints, reports, and petitions from all individuals and bodies with respect to violations of public rights and freedoms, considers these complaints and refers the complaint it deems appropriate to the competent authorities, follows these complaints up effectively, informs the relevant bodies of the procedures of due process and helps them take these procedures, or assists in the settlement of these complaints with the concerned authorities. NIHR monitors any human rights violations, collects and analyses data and reports these data in order to put an end to these violations and recommend corrective action. The Institution deals with the complaints received and any observed human rights violations according to a clear and specific mechanism that is published and communicated to the public. 14. Within the same framework, in order to promote and protect human rights in the Kingdom, NIHR conducts field visits to detention centres, penal institutions, shelters, reform institutions, and all the relevant places, in coordination with the competent authorities, in order to identify the validity of the complaints received, propose appropriate solutions, ]make recommendations to improve the services provided in these places to serve human rights, and follow up and monitor strikes, sit-ins, and protests. 15. In order to supplement NIHR role in the development of human rights in the Kingdom, the Institution participates in the preparation of human rights national plans. Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action of 1993 recommends that each state considers the desirability of formulating a national action plan that shows the steps that can be followed by the state for the development, promotion and protection of human rights. In developing its action plan, the state should determine human rights priorities and identify the tools appropriate to be used for the implementation 32