Annual Report 2013 international community have been actively involved in the discussion to invoke improvement in human rights in North Korea. In 2013, the NHRCK, with regard to human rights in North Korea, issued a policy recommendation, two opinions, and two statements of the Chairperson of the Commission. In detail, they include: i) recommendation for institutional improvement in support of smooth settlement of North Korean defectors, ii) opinion on the protection of the human rights of the children to whom North Korean defector women gave birth in China, iii) opinion on the draft amendments to the Act on Compensation and Assistance to Persons Kidnapped to North Korea after the Conclusion of the Military Armistice Agreement, iv) Chairperson's statement on the establishment of the United Nations Commission of Inquiry (COI) on Human Rights in North Korea, and v) Chairperson's statement on Korean government's humanitarian support for North Korea. The NHRCK did groundbreaking work for the institutional foundation for the improvement of human rights in North Korea on March 15, 2011. On that day, it opened the Reporting Center for Human Rights Violations in North Korea and the North Korean Human Rights Documentation Center and Archives. These two organizations are responsible for the reception of human rights violations reports and for the systematic documentation and management of the reporting cases. In 2013, the Commission conducted, as it did in the previous year, a survey on 652 North Korean defectors who newly entered the country. In May 2013, nine youngsters who escaped from North Korea were 18 ▪▪▪ Part I. Introduction