with women’s work largely confined to lower-level jobs and their wages usually about half
those of men in similar work.
31. Employers are still reported to avoid hiring women on the grounds that they may become
pregnant. Sections 45 to 50 of the Labour Act ensure women workers in the formal sector
receive maternity security and benefits. Keeping in mind the needs of mothers, the current
government extended maternity leave for expecting mothers from four months to six
months. However, gaps exist in the private sector and the commission recommends the
government to take stronger measures to ensure compliance.
32. Women workers lack safety going to and from work, which acts as a deterrent for many.
Sexual harassment also remains a major problem in the workplace. While Section 332 of
the Labour Act begins to address such harassment, as does the High Court directive, the
NHRCB believes there remains much to be done in terms of complying with both,
specifically establishing workplace complaint mechanisms and a national monitoring
framework.
33. Despite several initiatives by the Government and non-government actors, working women
suffer due to lack of sufficient of day care centres. Ministry of Women and Children Affairs
(MOWCA) runs 43 day-care centres throughout the country with 24 located in Dhaka.
There is no such facility still in 36 districts in the country.
34. In recent years, the Ready-Made Garments (RMG) sector has emerged as one of the biggest
contributors of foreign currency in Bangladesh. The RMG sector has experienced an
exponential growth since the 1980s and contributes significantly to the GDP of the country
and is considered a critical engine of growth for the economy. The sector accounts for 81%
of total export earnings of the country. Bangladesh is now the second biggest exporter of
clothing after China. It also provides employment to around 4.0 million workers.
Following, the Rana Plaza (RMG factory) tragedy which claimed the lives of more than
2000 workers, the government of Bangladesh took many initiatives to ensure better
building regulations, enforcement of fire, health and safety regulations and improve overall
working conditions for RMG workers. Despite efforts still concerns are highlighted by
labour activist which needs to be addressed.
35. Party to the Convention on the Rights of Child and ILO Convention 182 Bangladesh is
obligated and committed to eradicate child labour. The Labour Act 2006 has allowed
engagement of children subject to ensuring the safety and security of children age between
14-18. The Government issued a regulatory order identifying 38 occupations considered
hazardous for children aged 14-18. According to National Child labour survey 2013, there
are 1.7 million child labourers in the country, which indicates that at least 1.7 million
children are out of school. However, there is progress as the child labour Survey also found
that child labour has reduced by about 50% during 2003 to 2013.
36. Following a writ petition Bangladesh National Women Lawyers Association (BNWLA)
Vs The Cabinet Division (Writ Petition no 3598/2010) under article 102 of the
Constitution, the plight of child domestic workers had been brought before the honourable
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