Continued promotion of migration
will undeniably increase the number of
Filipinos put in rulnerable situations as
well as strain already insufficient national
and overseas mechanisms for protection.
Improving the conditions for migrants in
destination countries and improving
government mechanisms for protection are
both unavoidably extended projects whose
effects will only be felt slowly over the
long term. On the other hand, the push to
intensiff labor export is something much
more directly within the control of the government. Hence one clear way to gauge the
government's commitment to promoting migrant rights is whether it is willing to ease up
on its labor export policy in general.
While the government's labor export policy is the most significant underlying
factor to widespread migrant rights violations, the inadequate government attention
devoted to addressing these is also important. There is certainly a challenge in ensuring
that Filipinos scattered across the globe, sometimes thinly, and dispersed even within
destination countries have access to the wide range of services they need. Nonetheless
having forced and even actively facilitated Filipinos going abroad bears concomitant
rights and obligations. That migrant rights violations are widespread and continue to rise
is a sign of how government efforts are very much lagging behind.
This is notwithstanding, for instance, a relative increase in the national government
budget for such concerns in recent years. The three main agencies concerned with
overseas Filipinos are the DFA, POEA and CFO which have a combined budget of P12.0
billion for 2009. Some idea of trends in their cornbined budgets in real terms can be seen
by comparing this with trends in overseas Filipino stock and deploymcnt between 2001
and 2007 (the latest year for which stock data is available). The national government
budget for these three agencies combined was P9.1 billion n 2007 which was equivalent
to P I ,040 per overseas Filipino, P 1 ,804 per temporary/irregular worker or P8,426 per
deployed worker - these are higher than the corresponding amounts of P663, P1,052 or
P5,667 in 2001 (from a combined budget of P4.9 billion). The relative increase is positive
although the sheer number of unaddressed cases and sustained violations of rights give
grounds for deeming these as still insufficient. It is also unclear how much of the
increased budget went to services for OFWs and how much to domestic campaigns
encouraging migration or to more aggressive marketing of OFWs abroad.
The most straightforward effect of limited resources is to limit effective physical
coverage. Limited diplomatic machinery overseas for instance greatly restricts the access
by migrants to offices and assistance, the extent to which programs can be implemented,
and the speed and quality of responses that can be given. The thinness of resources
manifest most visibly in terms of insufficient diplomatic outposts, outposts lacking legal
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