Human Rights Education A Manual for National Human Rights Institutions Flow diagram A visual diagram that tells the story of an activity, showing proposed and completed activities/interventions and outcomes. Focus groups Small discussion groups guided through a facilitated discussion on a clearly defined topic and used to collect in-depth insights. They can provide rich data as a result of the group dynamics and interactions that occur during the discussions. Data are primarily qualitative. Interviews Structured or semi-structured discussions with key stakeholders. Interviews may be conducted in person or over the phone, with one person or several people simultaneously. Information can be quantitative and/or qualitative. Literature/file review Gathering and analysing information from published or unpublished material on a specific context or situation. Mapping Using pictures or graphics to show the focus and types of changes to be evaluated. Observation Documenting behaviour through watching and listening. Through observation it is possible to see what people are doing, when they do it, where they do it and how they do it. Oral histories Stories that capture progress by focusing on an individual, group or community account of change. Participatory techniques There are many ways to engage people in giving feedback. Some of these are included in the Manual Tool Kit. Photography/filming Photos that capture changes in a specific context or situation that have occurred over time. Statistical analysis Gathering and analysing statistical information on a specific context or situation. Storytelling A story told about an activity. This aims to give meaningful information that highlights the strong points and weaknesses of an activity. Survey/questionnaire A structured series of questions designed to gather information relevant to an activity’s objectives and outcomes. Data from surveys can be quantitative and/ or qualitative and can capture knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and reactions. Surveys are usually written but can be conducted by phone, online, face-to-face or on paper. Voting Participants provide their assessment of an activity, or component of an activity, by giving it a quantitative value. Workshopping Using a variety of techniques to facilitate a group’s agreement about how effectively an education programme met its outcomes. This data can be both qualitative and quantitative depending on methods used. Part IV of this Manual includes further and more specific evaluation tools and techniques. Appendix 9 provides a tool that will assess how well an activity has been designed, implemented and evaluated using the human rights education principles in Chapter 4. 78