Article 5 Measures to Safeguard Various Rights in both compulsory and higher-level education are not being adequately addressed. 90. The timeframe for increasing the employment ratio of indigenous teachers in each educational stage in key indigenous schools, which is explicitly stipulated in the Education Act for Indigenous Peoples , has been extended from the original five years (2013-2018) to ten years (2019- 2029). 115 This decision indicates that during the revision, there was a lack of investigation into the relevant background data or the feasibility of achieving the government’s objective. Although the initial purpose of implementing the legislation was to assist indigenous students in acclimatizing to school life and lessen cultural differences that may cause learning difficulties, and thereby increase students’academic 115 According to Article 25, Paragraph 1 of the Education Act for Indigenous Peoples (revised on May 7, 2013), “When selecting full-time teachers for Indigenous junior high schools, elementary schools, Indigenous education programs, and Indigenous key schools, the number of teachers with Indigenous identities appointed should constitute a specific proportion of the vacancies in that academic year. Within five years from when the Act amended on May 7, 2013, comes into force, the proportion of teachers with an indigenous identity shall not be permitted to be less than one-third of the school’s teaching staff or to comprise a lower proportion of the teaching staff than the proportion of the school’s total student population comprised by its indigenous students.” The reason for the amendment is that “the provision is added to ensure prioritizing the recruitment of teachers with indigenous identities. The central designated educational authority with the local municipal and local county or city government will collectively supervise the schools to ensure regulations are complied with. In the meantime, should schools fail to comply, administrative penalties will be imposed on non-compliant public schools, and penalties will be imposed on non-compliant private schools according to private school regulations to safeguard the rights of indigenous teachers to teach.” As Article 34, Paragraph 2 of the Education Act for Indigenous Peoples (amended on May 24, 2019), stipulates, “Within ten years from when the Act amended on May 24, 2019, comes into force, the proportion of teachers with an indigenous identity appointed to teach in indigenous key schools offering elementary stage education shall not be permitted to be less than one-third of the school’s teaching staff or to comprise a lower proportion of the teaching staff than the proportion of the school’s total student population comprised by its indigenous students. The proportion of teachers with an indigenous identity appointed to teach in indigenous key schools offering junior high school and senior secondary stage education is not permitted to be less than 5% of the teaching personnel at any such school.” The reason for revising the regulation was that “Paragraph 2 was moved to a new paragraph from the latter part of Paragraph 1. The teaching styles of primary schools and secondary education are different. While primary schools predominantly have homeroom teachers who teach all courses, secondary schools have different teachers for different subjects. Hence, it is deemed necessary to separately regulate the ratio of indigenous teachers employed in each educational stage. In addition, considering the long-term cultivation and employment of teachers with indigenous identities, the number of teachers with indigenous backgrounds hired shall gradually increase each year. Hence, it was determined to extend the deadline for achieving the target ratio to ten years starting from the implementation date of the revised Act.” 65