Human Rights And Statelessness I N P E N I N S U L AR M AL AYS I A 2.6 2.7 2.8 Indigenous persons 2.6.1 Causation of statelessness 2.6.2 Scale of issue Stateless refugees 2.7.1 Causation of statelessness 2.7.2 Scale of issue Undocumented persons who do not fit any of the previous categories 2.8.1 Causation of statelessness 2.8.2 Scale of issue Section 3: Nationality Laws and Statelessness in Peninsular Malaysia 3.1 Malaysia’s international and regional obligations on statelessness 3.2 Historical background of Malaysia’s nationality law 3.3 Nationality provisions in the Federal Constitution and other relevant laws 3.3.1 Acquisition of nationality by operation of law 3.3.2 Acquisition of nationality by registration 3.3.3 Acquisition of nationality by naturalisation 3.3.4 Renunciation and deprivation of nationality 3.3.5 Procedural questions 3.4 Analysis of Malaysia’s nationality laws and their implementation in practice 3.4.1 Statelessness safeguards within Malaysia’s nationality laws 3.4.2 How the framing and implementation of citizenship laws cause in situ statelessness 3.4.3 Nationality laws and implementation in practice for persons with long-standing residence since pre-independence and their descendants 3.4.4 Nationality laws and implementation in practice for abandoned children 3.4.5 Nationality laws and implementation in practice for adopted children vi 38 38 38 39 39 39 41 41 41 43 44 50 53 53 57 60 61 67 68 68 70 71 73 78