4 Methodology and approach to data collection 4.1 Establishing best practice methodology The Study is a unique research opportunity to comprehensively understand racism in the Australian university context, requiring a robust methodology and the highest level of care and respect for research participants. Discussing experiences of racism can be re-traumatising. Hearing these stories and gathering the data is critical to designing responsive, practical solutions. The Study team has undertaken significant planning and consideration to develop a best practice methodology to meet ethical requirements, minimise harm and collect meaningful data. The Study utilises a mixed methodology, combining quantitative and qualitative data from the survey analysis with qualitative data from survey responses, focus groups, interviews and roundtable discussions. The Study team has begun collecting qualitative data by undertaking initial consultations with stakeholders and will continue to consult over the course of the Study. Literature review and desktop research inform and supplement the survey, fieldwork data and recommendation formulation. The research is exploratory. Given the lack of research that considers racism holistically in the university context, the Study design must be responsive to emerging issues and lines of inquiry. (a) Study Principles The Study is undertaken with a strong commitment to anti-racism and ensuring the findings lead to practical improvements for staff and students from negatively racialised backgrounds. That means that its methodology must align with the guiding principles of anti-racism, as follows. (i) Centring Lived Experience and Perspectives The lived experience of racism is at the heart of this Study. The research is designed to provide safe, supportive opportunities for individuals to share their experiences of racism. Perspectives from those with lived experiences will be sought throughout the Study and will inform recommendations. The Study includes all lived experiences of racism. Definitions related to racism can be contested. It is not within the scope of the Study to resolve all these issues, but it will adopt a consciously inclusive, person-centred lens that ensures all research participants can share their lived experiences. 54