Australian Human Rights Commission Report title October 2022 26 16-27 October 2022 <https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/CountryVisits.aspx?SortOrder=Ch ronological>. 27 United Nations Committee Against Torture, Decision adopted by the Committee on the request submitted by Australia under article 24 (2) of the Optional Protocol to the Convention (CAT/C/73/3) (3 June 2022) [9]. 28 Commonwealth Ombudsman, ‘Implementation of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT)’ (Report, September 2019), 8. 29 The United Nations Subcommittee on the Prevention of Torture, Ninth annual report of the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, UN Doc CAT/C/57/4 (22 March 2016) 19 [1]-[3]. 30 Australian Human Rights Commission, Implementing OPCAT in Australia, (29 June 2020), 55 <https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/rights-and-freedoms/publications/implementing-opcataustralia-2020> 31 Australian Human Rights Commission, Implementing OPCAT in Australia, (29 June 2020), 36 <https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/rights-and-freedoms/publications/implementing-opcataustralia-2020.> ; United Nations, Preventing Torture: The Role of National Preventive Mechanisms (A Practical Guide: Professional Training Series No. 21) (2018), 26-27 <https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/OPCAT/NPM/NPM_Guide.pdf> 32 Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Concluding observations on the combined second and third periodic reports of Australia (15 October 2019) [30(c)] <http://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2FPPRiCAqhKb7yhsnz SGolKOaUX8SsM2PfxU7sdcbNJQCwlRF9xTca9TaCwjm5OInhspoVv2oxnsujKTREtaVWFXhEZM%2 F0OdVJz1UEyF5IeK6Ycmqrn8yzTHQCn> 33 Australian Human Rights Commission, Implementing OPCAT in Australia (29 June 2020), 25 <https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/rights-and-freedoms/publications/implementing-opcataustralia-2020> ; National Children’s Commissioner, Australian Human Rights Commission, Children’s Rights Report 2016 (October 2016) <https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/childrensrights/publications/childrens-rights-report-2016> ; Australian and New Zealand Children’s Commissioners and Guardians, Communique (November 2018) <https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/childrens-rights/publications/australian-and-newzealand-childrens-commissioners-and-0> 34 Australian Human Rights Commission, Implementing OPCAT in Australia, 29 June 2020, pp 57-58 https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/rights-and-freedoms/publications/implementing-opcataustralia-2020 35 See Rebecca Minty, ‘Involving civil society in preventing ill treatment in detention: maximising OPCAT’s opportunity for Australia’ Australian Journal of Human Rights, 25 (1) (2019), 91-112; Richard Harding, ‘Australia’s circuitous path towards the ratification of OPCAT, 2002–2017: the challenges of implementation’ Australian Journal of Human Rights, 25 (1) (2019), 17; Steven Caruana, OPCAT series: ‘The need for formal partnerships between civil society and the National Preventive Mechanism’ University of Western Australia Public Policy Institute (16 December 2019) <https://www.news.uwa.edu.au/archive/2019121611777/uwa-public-policyinstitute/opcat-series-need-formal-partnerships-between-civil-societ/> ; Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Concluding observations on the combined second and third periodic reports of Australia, 15 October 2019 [30(c)]. 36 The Hon. Mark Speakman. Budget Estimates 2021 Questions Taken on Notice Portfolio Committee No. 5 – Legal Affairs (26 March 2021), Question 14, 35 <https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/other/15381/AQON%20- 47

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