JolQmx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof %,!#,#@!-!=($ k|ltzt_ /x]sf] 5 . o;df dlxnfsf] ;ª\Vof
@,##,@#% / k'?ifsf] ;ª\Vof @,*),)*^ b]lvG5 . xfn pknAw cflwsfl/s tYofÍcg';f/sf]
hg;ª\Vof oxL %,!#,#@!-!=($ k|ltzt_ xf] . ljZj :jf:Yo ;ª\u7g nufotsf ;+:yfx¿n]
u/]sf cWoogx¿df eg] ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof !) k|ltzt sf] xf/fxf/Ldf
x'g] kfOPsf] 5 . g]kfndf klg ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof s]G›Lo tYofÍ ljefun]
lgsfn]sf] tYofÍeGbf a9L x'g ;Sb5 . lj=;= @)^* ;fnkl5 clxn];Ddsf] l:yltdf of]
;ª\Vofdf x]/km]/ x'g' lgtfGt :jefljs 5 . ;fdflhs– ;f+:s[lts sf/0fn] ubf{ ckfËtf ePsf
JolQmnfO{ ;s];Dd ;fj{hlgs gug]{ k|j[lQ xfd|f] ;dfhdf b]lvG5 . o; sf/0fn] ubf{ ckfËtf
ePsf JolQmx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof !=($ k|ltzteGbf w]/} g} a9L x'g'kg]{ bfaL /fli6«o ckfË dxf;ª\3
nufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] /x]sf] 5 .21
ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] xsclwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o
b:tfj]h, ;+ljwfg Pjd\ sfg'gdf klg ckfª\ud}qL Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ljleGg
;+oGqx¿ lgdf{0f ug'{sf] ;fy} sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfngdf NofOPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿df ;':t
>j0f, b[li6ljxLg / ;':t dgl:ylt ePsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu ljz]if lzIff / 5fqj[lQnufot
lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . lghfdlt ;]jf P]gcg';f/ ;/sf/L ;]jfdf ckfª\utf ePsf
JolQmx¿sf nflu kfFr k|ltzt l;6 cf/If0f Jo:yfsf] ;fy} ;Lkd"ns tfnLdsf] Joj:yf, /]l8of]
/ 6]lnlehgx¿df ckfª\utf;DaGwL sfo{qmdnufot cfjZos ;fdu|L cfoftdf eG;f/ 5'6 cflb
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn k|x/L ;]jfdf sfo{/t /xFbf/xFb}sf] cj:yfdf ckfª\utfsf] lzsf/ x'g]
JolQmx¿nfO{ czQm–j[lQ, ;Gtlt–j[lQ, z}lIfs eQf / cfly{s ;xfotf;DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf]
5 . 6]lnlehgdf sfo{/t ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu 5fqj[lQ, Gf]kfn 6]lnsddf /
lzIfs ;]jfdf ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu /f]huf/Ldf, ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lzIfs
tyf sd{rf/L lgo'lQmdf / /]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfoL ;]jfdf ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu kfFr
k|ltzt cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf 5 .
;/sf/n] ah]6 jQmJodfkm{t ljBfnonfO{ ckfª\utf tyf afnd}qL agfOg] egL 3f]if0ff u/]sf]
5 . g]kfnL ;fª\s]lts efiffsf] ljsf; tyf cg';Gwfg, bf]efif] tflnd / Jofj;flostfnfO{
k|f]T;fxg ug]{ pNn]v 5 . ckfª\utf ePsf afnaflnsfsf nflu lzIffdf kx'Fr clej[l4 ug{
k|b]zdf k"jf{wf/o'Qm ljz]if lzIff k|bfos cfjf;Lo ljBfno ;~rfng ug]{ egL hf]8 lbPsf]
5 . ;jf{]Rr cbfntaf6 klg ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{{gsf] nflu
dxTTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ePsf 5g\ . h;df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;fj{hlgs ef}lts ;+/rgfdf
kx'Fr, dfgl;s ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ y'gfdf /fVg gldNg], ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{
lgMz'Ns lzIff, k"0f{ tyf clt czQm ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ Go"gtd lgjf{x eQf -dfl;s
tLg xhf/b]lv kfFr xhf/;Dd_ cflb 5g\ .
21
cfof]uåf/f k|sflzt ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf k|fb]lzs / /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf]
k|ltj]bg @)&%,k[=%
/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)&%—@)&^_
33