FROM BONDAGE TO FREEDOM
28
It demonstrates that the freedom a child needs to develop his / her
intellectual, moral and spiritual capacities calls for, among other things,
a healthy and safe environment, access to medical care, and minimum
standards of food, clothing and shelter.
The Convention charts new territory. It establishes the right of a
child to be an actor in his / her own development, to express opinions
and to have them taken into account in the making of decisions relating
to his / her life.
In a number of other areas, some of them sensitive, the Convention
goes well beyond existing legal standards and practices. These include
its provisions on the right to life, survival and development; the right to a
name and nationality from birth; regarding adoption; the rights of disabled
and refugee children as well as those in conflict with the law. It also
enlarges the legal coverage of human rights by protecting children from
all forms of exploitation, by dealing with the question of children of
minority and indigenous groups and by dealing with the problems of
drug abuse and neglect. The Convention acknowledges the primary role
of the family and parents in the care and protection of children, and the
obligation of the State to help them in carrying out these duties. Finally,
it brings together in one up-to-date global perspective the rights of the
child expressed in many internationals treaties and declarations over the
past 40 years.
The Convention sets up the Committee on the Rights of the Child, a
Committee of ten experts which will generate a permanent dialogue
involving all parties concerned with the promotion of children’s rights.
State Parties will submit reports to the Committee on how they are carrying
out the Convention and on difficulties they face in doing so.
Conclusion
This chapter has introduced to the readers, the issue of trafficking
in human beings, its extent and trends. A deep analysis of the causes and
consequences of trafficking has revealed a need for a comprehensive
human rights approach to tackle the problem. Only a human rights
perspective can include within its realm all the dimensions of the problem.
This perspective not only punishes the perpetrators of crimes but also
protects the victims from human rights abuses by both State and nonState actors. It pins down responsibility on the state to protect and respect