Recommendations ❖ Judicial Guidelines should be made by the judiciary in consultation with relevant stakeholders to have a clear standard in applying alternative sentences for certain offences instead of imprisonment such as drug abuse and/or drug addiction to reduce overcrowding in prison and to improve the condition of prisons. ❖ The Government to work with relevant stakeholders, including those from the business and corporate sector should work on a program to support the application of community correction for the rehabilitate of inmates and to help them re-enter their community and earn a livelihood. SESSION 4: NHRI ENABLING ROLE FOR BETTER PRISON SYSTEMS 5.1 Chairperson Taunfan Damanik, National Human Rights Commission of Indonesia (Komnas HAM) Role of NHRI in Eradicating Torture in Prisons Indonesia's has experienced human rights violations from 1998-2010 such as in Acheh, Papua, Timor Leste and during authoritarian regime in 1998. Therefore, the mission of KOMNAS-HAM and other NHRIs is to protect and to advocate human rights and to prevent torture. KOMNAS-HAM has made recommendation to the Government including the ratification of the United Nations Convention against Torture (UNCAT) and is now still negotiating for the ratification of Optional Protocol to UNCAT with the government. Regarding some progress in police lockups and prison department in Indonesia. Article 28 I (i) and (ii) on the torture, punishment and other things related to UNCAT is mentioned that there are Basic laws. Effort to prevention of torture such as investigation of torture. UN approaches on fighting torture, CAT repressive and OPCAT preventive. The Cooperation of Mencegah Penyeksaan (KUPP) composed by KOMNAS-HAM, Commission on Women, Commission on Child Protection has been established since 2013. Under a memorandum of understanding with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Further, the Correction Unit under the Ministry of Law and Human Rights has an agreement with the police and has constructive dialogues to discuss on the efforts they have made in protection of human rights and to find solution together. For example, the case of the death of 15 people in a prison in Tangerang and 2 foreigners in detention was handled at the level of KUPP. They invited civil society organisations to cooperate with them. Common issues that were discussed were, overcrowding, lack of health facilities, isolation rooms, attitude of prison officers, correctional institution and women's detention center, child prisoners or children under custody, violence, and death row. 55