others about racism, reclaiming and strengthening cultural identity, and building resilience for future generations. Emotional armour was strengthened by migrants through supporting and connecting with other migrants through networks, groups and forums, and supports and services provided by settlement providers. Most participants noted a lack of awareness and access to information about where to seek help and support for experiences of racism. The drivers for racism are broad and deeply embedded within institutions, society and individuals: Findings that there was no single driver for racism were consistent with the literature scan. Participants highlighted colonisation, fear, ignorance, a need to blame others, white privilege, a limited response to racism within Aotearoa New Zealand, racial supremacy, Eurocentricity (including judgement based on Western ideologies about skin colour, physical features, beliefs and cultural expressions), child development and modelling racist behaviours, seeing people as social and economic capital, and negative bias and stereotyping. Overview and looking ahead Immigration is a defining and fast-growing feature of Aotearoa New Zealand. Tauiwi have and continue to arrive on these shores in the hopes of pursuing better opportunities for themselves and their children – they also face a range of historical and contemporary challenges adapting to and being accepted within society. Evidence shows that the impacts of racism are traumatic, intergenerational, broad and affect all aspects of wellbeing. Evidence about the drivers for racism is extensive and identifies numerous personal and external factors that contribute to this phenomenon. This research explored and synthesised tauiwi migrants’ experiences in and understandings of the drivers for racism. It validated findings within national and international literature and broadened the knowledge base by contextualising these within the Aotearoa New Zealand context. Findings emphasised that the ongoing impact of historical and contemporary racism toward Māori remained embedded within colonial systems and institutions and extended to tauiwi populations as well as to Tangata whenua. Overall, experiences of different levels of racism (institutional, personally mediated and internalised) across all levels of wellbeing were prevalent in all aspects of participants’ lives. Findings highlighted increased awareness about racism among participants but little perceived change in racist behaviour(s) over time. Participants generally had their own coping mechanisms and forms of emotional armour to deal with racism; however, further opportunities to support migrant groups, networks and forums, www.malatest-intl.com Drivers of racism – March 2021 10