occupations in which women dominateare,in particular, domestic work or certain forms of entertainment. 14. In addition, in countries of destination, such occupations may be excluded from legal definitions of work, thereby depriving womenof a variety of legal protections. In such occupations, women migrant workers havetrouble obtaining binding contracts concerning terms and conditions of work, causing them sometimes to work for long hours without overtime payment. Moreover, women migrant workers often experienceintersecting forms of discrimination, suffering not only sex- and gender-based discrimination, but also xenophobia and racism. Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, cultural particularities, nationality, language,religion or other status may be expressedin sex- and gender-specific ways. 15. Because of discrimination on the basis of sex and gender, women migrant workers may receive lower wages than do men,or experience non-paymentof wages, paymentsthat are delayeduntil departure, or transfer of wages into accounts that are inaccessible to them. For example, employers of domestic workers often deposit the worker's wagesinto an accountin the employer's name.If a womanandher spouseboth haveworker status, her wages may be paid into an accountin the nameof her spouse. Workers in female-dominated sectors may notbe paid for weekly daysofrest or national holidays. Or,if they are heavily burdened by debt from recruitment fees, women migrant workers may notbe able to leave abusive situations since they have no other wayto repay those debts. Such violations may of course be faced by non-migrant local womenin similar female-dominated jobs. However, non-migrant local womenhavebetter job mobility. They have the choice, howeverlimited, of leaving an oppressive job situation and obtaining another job, whereas, in some countries, a woman migrant worker may become undocumentedthe minute she leavesher job. Non-migrantlocal women workers may, moreover, have some economic protection by way of family support if they are unemployed, but women migrant workers may not have suchprotection. Women migrantworkers thus face hazards onthe basis of sex and gender, as well as on thebasis of their migrant status. 16. Women migrant workers maybe unable to saveor transmit savings safely through regular channels dueto isolation (for domestic workers), cumbersomeprocedures, languagebarriers, or high transaction costs. This is a great problem since in general they earn less than men. Women mayfurther face familial obligations to remitall their earningsto their families to a degree that may not be expected of men. For example, single women may be expected to support even extended family members at home. 17. Women migrant workersoften suffer from inequalities that threatentheir health. They may be unableto access health services,including reproductive health services, because insurance or national health schemesare not available to them, or they may have to pay unaffordable fees. As womenhavehealth needsdifferent from those of men,this aspect requires special attention. They may also suffer from a lack of arrangements for their safety at work, or provisions for safe travel between the worksite and their place of accommodation. Where accommodation is provided, especially in female-dominated occupations such as factory, farm or domestic work,living conditions may bepoor and overcrowded,without running water or adequatesanitary facilities, or they may lack privacy and hygiene. Women migrant workers are sometimes subjected to sex-discriminatory mandatory HIV/AIDStesting or testing for other infections withouttheir consent, followed by provision of test results to agents and employers rather than to the workerherself. This may result in loss of job or deportationif test results are positive. 18. Discrimination maybeespecially acute in relation to pregnancy. Women migrant workers may face mandatory pregnancytests followed by deportationif the test is positive; coercive abortion or lack of access to safe reproductive health and abortion services, when the health of the mother is at risk, or even following sexual assault; absenceof, or inadequate, maternity leave and benefits and absence of affordable obstetric care, resulting in serious health risks. Women migrant workers mayalso face dismissal from employment upon detection of pregnancy, sometimesresulting in irregular immigration status and deportation. 19. Womenmigrant workers maybe subjectedto particularly disadvantageous terms regarding their stay in a country. They are sometimes unable to benefit from family reunification 18