Needs and aspirations must be defined within a Te Ao Māori framework, so tāngata whaikaha Māori can have access to services run according to Māori values. This will enable tāngata whaikaha Māori and whānau to have rangatiratanga over their lives, which should be a core aspiration recognised in all solutions. Ensure parallel responses to simultaneously address context and violence against tāngata whaikaha Māori Recognising that tāngata whaikaha Māori face diverse and intersecting inequalities and barriers to full realisation of their rights, a twin track approach is recommended to both the prevention of violence and the response to it. Specific strategies must be implemented in response to the needs and aspirations of tāngata whaikaha Māori and their whānau, as well as parallel responses across government eliminating barriers to participation and decreasing the structural drivers of violence and abuse. Government and duty-bearers must acknowledge and address the systemic, social and cultural factors that enable violence to occur in Aotearoa New Zealand, and devise solutions to address these issues in parallel to implementing solutions that meet the individual needs of tāngata whaikaha Māori and whānau. Preventing violence and abuse will require addressing the broader socio-economic context for tāngata whaikaha Māori, specifically the continued and intergenerational impacts of colonisation, institutional racism and discrimination. The absence of thinking about this context as a structural driver of violence and abuse will inhibit the effectiveness of any changes. Parallel responses must address the impact of multiple, intersecting inequities that impact on tāngata whaikaha Māori. Policy prevention and response should shift focus from fixing people to eliminating the social and cultural drivers that enable violence to occur. An historical, traumainformed approach aligns with traditional Māori practice, where rather than focusing on the harm, focus was on what caused the harm. This moves analysis (and therefore judgement) away from viewing issues as distinct, and towards understanding the context and history that maintained and supported those issues. Preventing violence and abuse requires shifting attitudes and practices that tolerate, justify or excuse violence. Inherent in any response must be a commitment to addressing the systemic, structural and social drivers of violence. Violence cannot be addressed in isolation. It is deeply embedded in colonisation and the barriers that remain in institutions as a result of colonisation. Addressing these issues requires duty-bearers to engage in an authentic partnership with Māori and commit to decolonising services and addressing institutional racism. There must be a mutual understanding of the complex relationship between colonisation, racism, intergenerational trauma and violence – both in the past and at present. Partner with whānau, hapū, iwi and communities to emphasise primary prevention of violence To eliminate violence, respectful collaboration between duty-bearers, whānau, hapū, iwi and communities is required. Article 1 of Te Tiriti requires the Crown to work in a genuine and mutually respectful partnership with tangata whenua at all levels of decision-making. Government must partner with those best equipped to support tāngata whaikaha Māori affected by violence. Resources, leadership, and decision-making powers should be transferred from agencies to whānau, hapū, iwi and communities to achieve transformational change. Community leadership is essential for prevention efforts, as they ensure strategies are tailored to local needs and strengths. Tailoring solutions to ensure whānau and communities are supported, safe, and resourced is vital to transforming tāngata whaikaha Māori and whānau affected by violence. Topdown, one size fits all initiatives have not been successful. Government must work alongside whānau and communities to create appropriate solutions for the system to work effectively. Whakamanahia Te Tiriti, Whakahaumarutia te Tangata - Honour the Treaty, Protect the person 21