Article 188, Paragraph 6 of the aforementioned regulations states that “Cabin crew members shall wear a company uniform when on duty.” According to the Civil Aviation Administration, “The purpose of uniforms is to ensure that passengers can easily identify crew members and follow their instructions during emergencies.”69 Thus, it is not inappropriate for airlines to require cabin crew to wear uniforms. However, if further restrictions are imposed that require female cabin crew to wear skirts, it must be proven that this requirement is based on specific needs related to the nature of their duties and that there is a necessity, legitimacy, and reasonableness for such. However, in light of the fact that many European, U.S., and Asian airlines offer female cabin crew the option of wearing trousers, it is difficult for the Taiwanese airline representatives to justify the necessity of female cabin crew wearing skirts while performing their duties. When examining the dress codes under Articles 1, 5, and 11 of CEDAW, particularly concerning potential absolute or relative disadvantages (direct or indirect impacts) related to performance evaluations and occupational health and safety risks, 70 the NHRC concluded that these practices constitute gender discrimination against female cabin crew. The differing dress code requirements for male and female cabin crew imposed by the Taiwanese airlines do not fall under the exceptions permitted by Article 4 of CEDAW (which allows for measures aimed at accelerating de facto gender equality or protecting maternity). Business image, customer preference, and social customs, the reasons generally cited by airlines for their uniform requirements, do not qualify as a defense of “bona fide occupational qualifications” and fail to refute the inherent gender stereotypes and discrimination. issued by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. As explained in Jiao-Hang (I) Letter No. 1128130087 dated November 29, 2023 issued by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 70 As discussed in Chapter V, Section 1, the disadvantages and impacts of the genderspecific dress codes include directly linking dress code compliance to performance assessments, requiring female cabin crew to spend more tangible and intangible costs to meet these specifications, and exposing them to higher risks of tripping, physical exposure, sexual harassment, and flammability in the event of a fire. 69 86

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