Ki te whaiao, ki te ao Mārama Some participants discussed the impact of counterterrorism and other security measures on their communities. They wanted to see an end to ethnic profiling and police violence against Māori and other ethnic groups and thought the impact of counterterrorism measures needed to be monitored. Dismantling racism in the justice system would contribute to participants’ sense of safety and security: “I (as a person of colour) would feel safe and [feel like] I belong anywhere I go in this country.” Another commented: I just want to feel safe outside with my family. I think we’ve all been harassed by people in public or know someone that’s been assaulted because they were Asian. Participants’ desire for safety and security related not only to physical safety, but also to psychological and cultural safety. One commented that prejudice “poses a security risk for ourselves and our children, both via physical attacks and vandalism and threats on social media”. Another called for strengthened health and safety policies “for all sectors and industries” that make explicit the negative consequences for expressions of racism. Participants’ vision for change was intergenerational: Being able to know that my life and the lives of my descendants can be lived out free of danger, harm, anguish or hate. That me and my descendants of Asian heritage can thrive and succeed in the same way as all other groups in Aotearoa Adequate standard of living and housing. Participants identified that wealth disparities resulting in varying living standards were directly linked to racism. They wanted the links between racism and poverty to be made explicit: “an anti-racist campaign needs to highlight the issues of intersection between racism, colonialism, poverty and the divisions in our society.” Te Kāhui Tika Tangata Participants called for the gap between rich and poor to be bridged and, in particular, income disparity to be addressed. Income disparity is “a key driver behind other inequalities that disproportionately affect diverse communities. There is a particular need to address equity of employment outcomes and ensur[e] a living wage.” Some participants raised the impact of racism on their access to housing and the formation of housing policy. One commented on the way in which: anti-immigrant views, frequently direct[ed] at immigrants from Asia, continue to ‘percolate to the surface’ in public discourse, for example, in debates on housing affordability and policy. Their vision was for equitable access to housing and for housing policy and provision to reflect their communities’ actual needs: “no racism to me is ensuring we all have adequate housing for our needs, not what someone in a suit has said we need.” Equity data Participants emphasised the need to collect good quality data to measure the nature of the problem and to measure progress in eliminating it: We need data around racism. Lots of people come and say I’ve experienced racism, there’s a person at kindergarten they just won’t talk to me. Sometimes it’s just personality, so how do we define whether it was a racism base or just from people who aren’t engaging? Data is really important. Other participants agreed, saying “data is imperative for informed change.” Another noted: To eliminate racism we have to understand the state of racism in this country. At the moment, we don’t understand its extent. How do we measure it on a world standard and know that racism exists? 72