select their learning route to acquire a degree, diploma, or certificate will be in place under the provisions of NEP 2020. The standard tool for enabling seamless integration and coordination across institutions and all levels of education will be a National Credit Framework for secondary, higher, and vocational education. With flexible curricula, inventive topic pairings, the integration of vocational education, and many entry and exit points, such a framework will make it possible to provide students with a broad-based, multidisciplinary, holistic education. 5.3.9 Family and community involvement: The joint efforts of parental demand and government supply have enabled India to achieve close to universal enrollment in primary schools. It is crucial to engage parents and families in educational activities for smoother access to learning opportunities. Aside from regular interactions between parents and teachers, learning standards that the child is expected to achieve, learning tools including, books, toys, games, and activities that can be taken up at home, must be shared with families to emphasize and strengthen family interaction. The NIPUN Bharat programme is an example of implementation of this aspect. The most common venue for human learning is and will continue to be formal schooling in institutionalized, professionalized settings, at least, in the near future. However, the majority of early education takes place in families and communities. Significant experiences outside of the classroom reinforce and complete what kids learn in the classroom. Therefore, the role of the community cannot be overlooked. Community involvement, mainly through the local self-government, can go a long way in closely monitoring the children’s progress in that area. Both, NIPUN Bharat and Samagra Shiksha focus on these areas and provide for capacity building of the community to garner their full engagement. In coordination with the Ministry of Panchayats, local self-governments are being encouraged to declare and implement annual targets such as, zero dropout gram panchayat, 100% enrolment, 100% transition to secondary stage, etc. 5.3.10 Bridging the digital divide: The National Education Policy 2020 places a strong emphasis on integrating technology into the teaching and learning process. The policy acknowledges the transformative role of technology in education. It promotes the integrating of technology, such as smart classrooms, online learning platforms, and digital resources, to make learning more accessible and interactive. A great deal of research is needed on both the technological and educational fronts because new technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchains, smart boards, handheld computing devices, adaptive computer testing for student development, and other forms of educational software and hardware will not only alter what students learn in the classroom, but also how they learn. To enable all school students to read and learn with books even when they do not have physical access to libraries, and to have a broader range and larger selection of books in regional languages, a national digital library for schools will be developed with works by reputable Indian and international authors. The policy also states that Digital platforms and ongoing ICTbased educational initiatives such as SWAYAM, DIKSHA etc., will be optimised and expanded. Journal of the National Human Rights Commission, Vol. 22, 2023 61