2020, education should be comprehensive, integrated, joyful, and engaging. The salient features of NEP are as follows: yy Restructuring school curriculum and pedagogy in 5+3+3+4 design yy Focus on all domains of learning for the holistic development of learner yy Reduce curriculum to enhance essential learning and critical thinking yy Experiential and activity-based learning as pedagogy at every stage yy Empowering students through flexibility in course choices yy Teaching in the local languages and focus on multilingualism yy Curricular integration of essential subjects with 21stcentury skills and capacities yy National textbooks with local content and flavour yy Transforming assessment for students’ development yy Support for gifted students yy Vocational exposure at early ages in middle and secondary school, quality vocational education will be integrated smoothly into higher education yy Every child to learn at least one vocation and be exposed to several more yy Technology integration will be done in various areas, such as teaching, learning and assessment, education planning, administration, and management yy Teaching-learning e-content will be developed in regional languages. NEP 2020 calls for investment in digital infrastructure, addressing digital divide, online teaching platforms and tools, virtual labs, digital repositories, online assessments, technology and pedagogy for online teaching-learning etc., with the promotion of multilingualism and the power of language in teaching and learning through innovative and experiential methods, including through gamification and apps by weaving in the cultural aspects of the languages, such as films, theatre, storytelling, poetry, and music, and by drawing connections with various relevant subjects and real-life experiences. Furthermore, NEP 2020 suggests bringing back out-of-school children and mainstreaming them, including alternative forms of instruction, child monitoring, raising learning levels, and creating school complexes for resource sharing, among other things, in order to guarantee 100 per cent Gross Enrolment Ratio at all levels. 5.1.2 National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2023 (NCFSE):How we approach education is likely to undergo a revolutionary change under NCFSE. The NCFSE is a teacher-led and learner-centric document that enables teachers to adopt changes and transform their instruction by meeting the pre-defined 'Learning Standards'. The achievement of Learning Standards has been underlined by this NCFSE as the primary goal of education. Therefore, instead of textbooks, the achievement 56 Journal of the National Human Rights Commission, Vol. 22, 2023