Training Module on the Right to Mental Health for the Security Sector terroristic threat need proper psychological training and preparation to deal with these crises. Certain psychological traits and behaviors seem to characterize those hostages who survive their ordeal versus those that do not, or those who may survive physically but who succumb to overwhelming psychological trauma. Survivors of hostage crises typically are able to retain faith in a positive outcome. They are able to maintain a superior attitude and somehow psychologically rise above the situation, while at the same time containing any hostility they may feel toward their captors. They use fantasy to imagine a future where they will be free and also are able to rationalize the situation in terms of odds of a successful outcome. During the ongoing hostage crisis, they control their outward appearance and behavior and keep to routines. They make an effort not to stand out and they try to blend with their comrades. If possible, they try to use flexible thinking and humor as coping devices. “Succumbers” typically show an opposite pattern: They are overwhelmed with feelings of abandonment, self-pity, and despair. They dwell on the worst aspects and outcomes of the situation. If angry, they make it known, thereby drawing negative attention to themselves. They suspend normal activities and manage to stand out in any of a variety of counterproductive ways, for example, behaving obsessively, acting out of control, or being either excessively resistant or compliant. Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) Critical Incident Stress Debriefing or CISD (Mitchell & Everly, 1996) is a structured group intervention that was originally developed for law enforcement and emergency services personnel but that has been adapted for use in a wide variety of settings, including workplaces, disaster management, health care settings, and the military. The CISD process is designed to promote the emotional processing of traumatic events through the ventilation and normalization of reactions, as well as preparation for possible future crises. A CISD debriefing typically is a peer-led, clinician-guided process, although the individual roles of clinicians and peers may vary from setting to setting. The staffing of a debriefing usually consists of a mental health clinician and one or more peer debriefers, that is, fellow workers who have been trained in the CISD process and who may have been through critical incidents and debriefings in their own careers. A typical debriefing takes place within 24 to 72 hours after the critical incident and consists of a single group meeting that lasts 2 to 3 hours, although shorter or longer meetings may be dictated by circumstances. 55