Second Annual Report of the National Institution for Human Rights (NIHR) 2014 - Kingdom of Bahrain centers, labor gatherings, health and education centers, or any other public place in which it is suspected that human rights violations are committed”. These mandates serve the role undertaken by NIHR in the protection of human rights. 4. In this regard, it should be noted that the provisions of Law No. 26 of 2014, specifically the aforementioned Article No. 12, Clause “e”, expressly provides for NIHR monitoring mandate, as opposed to the Royal Order No. 46 of 2009 on the Establishment of the National Institution for Human Rights. This provision emphasizes the need to expand the mandates in the field of protection of human rights in a manner consistent with the international decisions in this regard. In addition, the required protection should not be limited to only receiving complaints, but it should extend to tracking and monitoring human rights situation and documenting it in the various ways and means. The monitoring process is necessary to ensure the degree and extent of the State respect for its legal or international obligations related to human rights. 5. In order for NIHR to be able to undertake its role in the protection of human rights, it completed the preparation of a complaint manual in implementation of NIHR strategy and action plan for the years (2013-2016) within the first theme “Involvement in human rights protection efforts”. This manual serves as a benchmark and a reference for complaint handling, the applicable procedures in this regard, evaluating complaint issues, and the best ways of intervention and treatment in accordance with the best practices. It is an indicative tool that enables individuals and entities to deal with complaint mechanism effectively, thus achieving the goal sought by the national institution in the field of protection. 6. The manual covers general principles related to the concepts, terminology, and the code of conduct that should be adopted by specialists in receiving complaints. It indicates the types of complaints, which NIHR has the mandate to consider, the applicable procedures for receiving, considering, and dealing with complaints until the final stages, and the adopted procedures in providing counseling and legal assistance. NIHR also completed another manual related to the monitoring process, which will be a benchmark and a reference in monitoring human rights violations process in accordance with the best practices in this regard. The manual will deal with the basic principles of monitoring, the procedures used to monitor certain events and occasions, and writing reports on these events. In preparing these two manuals, NIHR was concerned to adopt the best practices and similar experiences in other countries and regional and international organizations67. 7. Pursuant to the mandates set out in the provisions of the Law, NIHR played an active role in the protection of human rights. It issued and interacted with certain events that have cast a shadow on human rights. It released four statements on separate occasions in which it indicated its deep regret for the death of five police officers and one citizen in security events. It expressed its condolences and sympathy to the families of the deceased, and expressed disapproval at the same time of the illegal acts. It called on all parties to adhere to peacefulness and professionalism, and demanded the wise people in the community to call for calmness and renunciation of violence and not to deviate from the right path, which is detrimental to the Kingdom and affects its stability. NIHR stressed the need to move from the state of tension to a state of détente in order to achieve national reconciliation and rebuild the modern state 8. With regard to the monitoring process, NIHR had a role in following up daily events, it followed up the legal status of 31 persons whose citizenship was forfeited in 2013. It noted that the lack of citizenship for these persons has a negative impact, such as restrict their 67 To view complaint and monitoring manuals, visit NIHR website on the following link: www.nihr.org.bh. 54