Labor inspections encompass different approaches, including targeted labor inspections, occupational safety and health inspections, crosschecking inspections, inspections based on complaints or petitions, occupational accident investigations, and general inspections (covering both labor conditions and occupational safety and health inspections simultaneously). In 2022, there were 1,078,032 registered business units employing workers in Taiwan, of which 126,381 units were inspected. This included 37,208 labor inspections and 171,177 occupational safety and health inspections. 68 The ILO's Labour Inspection Convention No. 81 (1947) emphasizes that labor inspection mechanisms must be supervised and governed by a single central authority, given the significant impact of labor inspections on the rights and interests of employers and employees. Inspectors must be stable, free from external pressures, and professionally competent government officials. These provisions aim to ensure the professionalism and independence of labor inspections, preventing inconsistencies in standards between central and local authorities while maintaining a unified and effective inspection framework. For more details, refer to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2022 Annual Labor Inspection Implementation Summary and Analysis. 68 71