do not go to the vessel owner or FCF to ensure confidentiality. The process relies on a third-party NGO, the Seafarer and Fishermen Service Center, to handle complaints due to a lack of secure and anonymous complaint channels in the past. This approach minimizes pressure on fishers who wish to file grievances. However, fishers at sea need access to Wi-Fi to submit complaints to the service center. FCF also produces waterproof stickers with QR codes that are distributed when vessels return to port. These stickers are placed in communal areas or dining spaces onboard to make them easily accessible to fishers. The Seafarer and Fishermen Service Center holds regular meetings to report on complaint cases. FCF does not have direct access to the details of the complaints to avoid conflicts of interest between FCF, vessel owners, and fishers, and to prevent the information from being used as leverage in negotiations. Instead, the entire complaint process is managed independently by a third-party NGO to ensure a neutral and transparent mechanism. 59 The Fisheries Agency emphasized the importance of providing diverse complaint channels. In addition to supporting the MOL’s 1955 hotline, the agency has created an “Interactive Service Platform for Foreign Crew Members” with a complaint submission system. By accessing the platform, going to the compliant section, and submitting a complaint, fishers can file their grievances online, which the agency will then process. The agency also collaborates with public and private organizations to handle complaints, such as Stella Maris, the Seafarer and Fishermen Service Center, and fishers’ groups like FOSPI. Lin Ding-rong explained, “We also provide opportunities for fishers to voice their complaints during inspections, whether it’s high-seas boarding inspections, port inspections, foreign inspections, or during visits by our staff. Fishers can approach official personnel at any time to file a grievance.” The Fisheries Agency received 266 complaints from civil 59 NHRC (March 13, 2023). “Interview Record with FCF Assistant Manager Chiang Hui-sung.” 65

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