regional management organizations should not buy product from any vessel listed on an IUU fishing blacklist. Second, all vessels should be officially registered within their respective fishing zones and provide valid national certification, fishing permits, and other authorized documentation, verified by their respective governments. Lastly, the catch should be traceable and transparent. FCF's ERP system allows buyers to trace every tuna back to the specific fishing vessel, including the fishing period and location, ensuring traceability. FCF requires all supply chain partners to sign a catch procurement agreement. This agreement stipulates that if the source of any provided fish is suspected of IUU activity or inaccurate reporting, the supplier must cooperate and provide relevant evidence to clarify the matter. Suppliers must acknowledge that any catch derived from human trafficking or forced labor is strictly prohibited. Additionally, FCF mandates that supply chain partners participate in their Fishery Improvement Project (FIP) and sign a sustainable tuna policy commitment letter, which includes preventing IUU tuna products as a primary rule and ensuring all seafood is traceable to its original trip and compliant with valid fishing licenses and legally authorized fishing vessels. FCF has signed an MOU with the UK-based Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) and the Environment & Animal Society of Taiwan (EAST). This collaboration promotes a traceability and transparency project for the seafood supply chain, encompassing 52 indicators. The process aims to ensure thorough monitoring, with the two NGOs comparing international norms and standards. During her interview, FCF Associate Manager Chiang outlined key challenges to improving labor rights in the fishing industry: First, there is a significant gap in understanding and information exchange between foreign fishers and their employers. This involves not only the corporate level but also intergovernmental coordination. Second, many industry operators do not yet view labor rights as a fundamental part of management 113